Table 2.
Association between clinicopathologic factors and pathologic response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT)
| Clinicopathologic factors | No response patients (n = 44) n (%) |
Good response patients (n = 35) n (%) |
P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sex | |||
| Female | 15 (34) | 8 (23) | 0.275 |
| Male | 29 (66) | 27 (77) | |
| Age (years) | |||
| <65 | 16 (36) | 20 (57) | 0.127 |
| 65–74 | 21 (48) | 13 (37) | |
| >75 | 7 (16) | 2 (6) | |
| T-stage | |||
| 0 (complete pathologic response) | 0 (0) | 3 (9) | <0.001a |
| 1 | 0 (0) | 4 (11) | |
| 2 | 3 (7) | 10 (29) | |
| 3 | 31 (70) | 16 (46) | |
| 4 | 10 (23) | 2 (6) | |
| N-stage | |||
| 0 | 24 (54) | 26 (74) | 0.189 |
| 1 | 10 (23) | 4 (11) | |
| 2 | 10 (23) | 5 (14) | |
| M-stage | |||
| 0 | 41 (93) | 34 (97) | 0.399a |
| 1 | 3 (7) | 1 (3) | |
| TNM stage | |||
| 0 | 0 (0) | 3 (0) | 0.004 |
| 1 | 2 (4) | 11 (31) | |
| 2 | 22 (50) | 11 (31) | |
| 3 | 17 (39) | 9 (26) | |
| 4 | 3 (7) | 1 (3) | |
| Differentiation | |||
| Moderately/well | 38 (86) | 30 (88) | 0.543a |
| Poor | 6 (14) | 4 (12) | |
| Vascular invasion | |||
| No | 19 (43) | 29 (85) | <0.001 |
| Yes | 25(57) | 5 (15) | |
| Perineural invasion | |||
| No | 36 (82) | 31 (97) | 0.045a |
| Yes | 8 (18) | 1 (3) | |
| Resection margin | |||
| Not involved | 34 (77) | 31 (89) | 0.156a |
| Involved | 10 (23) | 4 (11) | |
| Neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen | |||
| Capecitabine | 16 (36) | 11 (31) | 0.875 |
| 5-FU | 24 (55) | 20 (57) | |
| Other | 4 (9) | 4 (11) | |
| Surgical procedure | |||
| Anterior resection | 21 (48) | 17 (49) | 0.911 |
| Abdominoperineal resection | 16 (36) | 14 (40) | |
| Hartmann’s resection | 1 (2) | 1 (3) | |
| Unknown | 6 (14) | 3 (9) | |
| Radiologic response | |||
| Disease progression | 9 (21) | 3 (8) | 0.003 |
| No change | 22 (50) | 8 (23) | |
| Good response | 13 (29) | 24 (69) | |
| mGPS | |||
| 0 | 21 (55) | 22 (88) | 0.022 |
| 1 | 9 (24) | 1 (4) | |
| 2 | 8 (21) | 2 (8) | |
| Hemoglobin | |||
| Normal (>13 g/dL [men]; >11.5 g/dL [women]) | 23 (53) | 22 (65) | 0.321 |
| Anemia (<13 g/dL [men]; <11.5 g/dL [women]) | 20 (47) | 12 (35) | |
| CEA | |||
| Normal (≤5 µg/L) | 14 (43) | 18 (62) | 0.152 |
| High (>5 µg/L) | 18 (56) | 11 (38) | |
| NLR | |||
| Normal (≤5) | 33 (75) | 32 (91) | 0.052a |
| High (>5) | 11 (25) | 3 (9) | |
| dNLR | |||
| Normal (<2) | 22 (50) | 19 (54) | 0.705 |
| High (≥2) | 22 (50) | 16 (46) | |
| NPS | |||
| 0 | 31 (70) | 25 (71) | 0.928 |
| 1 | 10 (23) | 7 (20) | |
| 2 | 3 (7) | 3 (9) | |
| PLR | |||
| Normal (≤300) | 32 (73) | 31 (89) | 0.071a |
| High (>300) | 12 (27) | 4 (11) | |
TNM tumor-node-metastasis, 5-FU 5-fluorouracil, mGPS modified Glasgow prognostic score, CEA carcinoembryonic antigen, NLR neutrophil lympocyte ratio, dNLR derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, PLR platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio
aFisher’s exact test