Fig. 1.

Systemic infection in Drosophila larvae by septic injury with a fine tungsten needle. (A) Survival analysis of larvae upon clean injury. Oregon R wild-type larvae, wild-type control y w, Toll pathway mutant Dif^nmc, psh and modSP^KO double mutant, and the IMD pathway mutant relish^E20 were used. (B) Survival analysis of larvae upon septic injury with S. saprophyticus. Larvae of Oregon R, Dif^nmc, modSP^KO and imd¹ mutant were used. (C) Colony forming unit (CFU) assay before (0 h) and after septic injury with S. saprophyticus at the indicated time points. Larvae of y w, Dif^nmc, and psh¹ and modSP^KO double mutant were used. (D) Real-time qPCR analysis of antimicrobial peptide Drs expression upon septic injury with S. saprophyticus at the indicated time points with larvae of Oregon R, Dif^nmc, and the psh¹ and modSP^KO double mutant. (E) Survival analysis of larvae upon septic injury with Ecc15. Larvae of Oregon R, Dif^nmc, modSP^KO and imd¹ mutants were used. Each survival curve is representative of at least two independent experiments of 60 larvae each (A,B,E). P-values were calculated using the log-rank test. (F) Real-time qPCR analysis of antimicrobial peptide Dpt expression upon septic injury with Ecc15 at the indicated time points with larvae of Oregon R, Dif^nmc, and imd¹ mutants. Data are representative of more than two independent experiments performed in 20 larvae (C,D,F) (*P<0.05).