Sobaci 2003.

Methods	Study design: randomized controlled trial Exclusions and loss to follow‐up: eyes for which the surgical procedure was modified due to physician discretion at time of surgery were excluded from the study Study follow‐up: 6 weeks
Participants	Setting: Gülhane Military Medical Academy and Medical School Hospital, Ankara, Turkey Enrolment: 644 eyes of 640 participants undergoing phacoemulsification cataract surgery Age: group 1: 64.2 ± 14.3 years (range 43 to 87); group 2: 61.2 ± 14.2 years (range 40 to 81) Gender: not reported Inclusion criteria: people scheduled to undergo phacoemulsification surgery Exclusion criteria: people with previous history of immunosuppressive treatment, diabetes mellitus, ocular surgery, recent infection, or inflammation
Interventions	Intervention 1: balanced salt solution‐only irrigating infusion fluid (n = 322 eyes) Intervention 2: balanced salt solution with antibiotics (vancomycin 20 mg/mL and gentamicin 8 mg/mL; 322 eyes) General: interventions were given intraoperatively. Preoperative treatment, postoperative treatment, and follow‐up were identical for both groups. Preoperative treatment: 1‐day course of topical ofloxacin 0.3% and diclofenac sodium 1 mg/mL 4 times a day; conjunctival smears were obtained just before povidone iodine instillation at time of surgery. Surgical technique: phacoemulsification with a standard 3.2‐mm clear corneal incision, circular capsulotomy, and stop‐chop technique followed by foldable hydrophobic acrylic intraocular lens implantation; no sutures, subconjunctival antibiotics, or steroid injections were used. Postoperative treatment: eyes were treated with ofloxacin 0.3%, dexamethasone 1 mg/mL, and indomethacin 0.1% drops with a 4‐week tapering dose; participants were discharged the day after surgery.
Outcomes	Primary outcomes: risk of postoperative endophthalmitis; aqueous humor contamination during phacoemulsification Participants were seen on days 2, 5, 10, 15, 30, and 45 Unit of analysis: the eye (both eyes of 4 participants were included separately in the analysis)
Notes	Study dates: May 2000 to June 2002 Funding source: not reported Publication language: English The study authors reported the rate of postoperative endophthalmitis at their institution was 0.109%, but only 644 eyes were included in the study.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	"Patients were randomly allocated to irrigating infusion fluid containing either balanced salt solution (BSS)‐only (group 1; 322 eyes of 320 patients) or BSS with antibiotics (20 mg/ml vancomycin and 8 mg/ml gentamicin) (group 2; 322 eyes of 320 patients), according to the scheduled day of surgery, which was performed one after another. (1:1)."
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Method of allocation concealment not reported.
Masking of participants (performance bias)	Unclear risk	Masking of participants was not reported.
Masking of physicians and clinical care providers (performance bias)	Unclear risk	Masking of physicians was not reported.
Masking of outcome assessment (detection bias)	Unclear risk	Masking of outcome assessors was not reported.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	High risk	Eyes for which the surgical procedure was modified due to physician discretion at time of surgery were excluded from the study. The number of excluded participants was not reported.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Results were reported for both primary outcomes.
Other bias	Low risk	No other potential sources of bias identified.