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. 2017 Apr;124(4):505–511. doi: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2016.12.011

Table 2.

Fifteen Strongest Associations of a Serum Metabolomics Study with Outcome Variable Dryness and Irritation Symptoms

Metabolite Pathway Super-pathway P Value β
4-Androsten-3beta,17beta-diol disulfate 2 Sterol/steroid Lipid 2.9E-08 −0.16
Androsterone sulfate Sterol/steroid Lipid 0.0000040 −0.11
Epiandrosterone sulfate Sterol/steroid Lipid 0.000016 −0.11
4-Androsten-3beta,17beta-diol disulfate 1 Sterol/steroid Lipid 0.000064 −0.11
DHEA-S Sterol/steroid Lipid 0.00011 −0.10
3-(4-Hydroxyphenyl)lactate Phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism Amino acid 0.0021 −0.07
Glycerol Glycerolipid metabolism Lipid 0.00394 0.07
Erythronate Amino sugars metabolism Carbohydrate 0.025 0.05
Heptanoate (7:0) Medium-chain fatty acid Lipid 0.027 0.05
Allantoin Purine metabolism, urate metabolism Nucleotide 0.028 0.06
1,7-Dimethylurate Xanthine metabolism Xenobiotics 0.031 0.06
Linolenate (α or γ [18:3n3 or 6]) Essential fatty acid Lipid 0.031 0.05
1-Oleoylglycerophosphoethanolamine Lysolipid Lipid 0.036 0.05
Caproate (6:0) Medium-chain fatty acid Lipid 0.042 0.05
Linoleate (18:2n6) Essential fatty acid Lipid 0.043 0.05

DHEA-S = dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate.

Metabolome-wide significant association (P < 0.0012).