Table 4.

DEP studies on stem cells.

Applications	Details	References
Stem cells differentiation	Neural stem and progenitor cells with more neurogenic progenitors (NPs) can be distinguished from those with more astrogenic progenitors.	[96]
	Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and their differentiation progenies (osteoblasts) by multiple DEP force.	[97]
	Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and C2C12 skeletal muscle myoblasts. DEP spatially organize the cells and their spheroids.	[98]
Cell fractionation	Adipose tissue stem cells fractionated in a suspension using DEP field flow.	[99]
Cells isolation and sorting	Isolation of mouse neural stem/precursor cells (NSPCs) to the progenitor cells with different dielectric properties by DEP.	[100]