Signaling activation in mechanotransduction-induced phenotypic switch of PC3 cells. (a) qRT-PCR analysis of N-cad, E-cad, AGR2, ALDH3A1, and GDF15 expression in PC3 cells grown in suspension and treated with inhibitors of p38MAPK (SB203580 or SB220025), ERK (PD98059), β-catenin (FH535), and GSK-β (CHIR99021). Vehicle (DMSO) was used as control. (b) Immunoblot assays to detect AGR2, ALDH3A1, and GDF15 protein levels in PC3 cells grown in suspension and treated with SB203580, SB220025, PD98059, FH535, and CHIR99021 as indicated. Data represents the mean ± SE with n = 3. P-values were calculated using Student’s t-test. ∗p < 0.05.