Table 1.
Demographic data and cognitive and personality measures of participants
| Control group | SCD group | Comparison | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mean age, years, n (SD) | 66.49 (7.23) | 68.29 (7.86) | t(42) = −0.79; P = .65 |
| Mean education, years, n (SD) | 14.79 (3.36) | 15.50 (2.69) | t(42) = −0.76; P = .45 |
| MMSE, total score (SD)∗† | 29.54 (0.59) | 29.10 (0.72) | U = 159.00; P = .04 |
| CERAD–word list free recall, n (SD) | 9.04 (0.81) | 8.75 (1.16) | t(42) = 0.98; P = .33 |
| CERAD–word list delayed recall, n (SD) | 8.37 (1.28) | 8.00 (1.84) | t(42) = 0.80; P = .43 |
| CERAD–semantic fluency, n (SD) | 24.88 (4.99) | 24.80 (4.83) | t(42) = 0.05; P = .96 |
| CERAD–phonemic fluency, n (SD) | 14.58 (4.54) | 16.53 (6.16)‡ | t(41) = −1.19; P = .24 |
| CERAD–TMT-A, seconds (SD) | 40.35 (12.80) | 34.63 (14.80)‡ | t(41) = 1.36; P = .18 |
| CERAD–TMT-B, seconds (SD) | 78.04 (18.02) | 77.65 (33.74)‡ | t(41) = 0.05; P = .96 |
| BDI, total score (SD)∗ | 4.46 (3.18) | 7.90 (5.39) | t(42) = −2.63; P = .01 |
| BIS/BAS–drive, mean (SD)∗ | 3.18 (0.48) | 2.79 (0.56) | t(42) = 2.49; P = .02 |
| BIS/BAS–fun seeking, mean (SD) | 3.13 (0.53) | 2.80 (0.58) | t(42) = 1.94; P = .06 |
| BIS/BAS–reward responsive, mean (SD) | 3.47 (0.40) | 3.39 (0.42) | t(42) = 0.62; P = .54 |
| BIS/BAS–behavioral inhibition, mean (SD) | 2.71 (0.49) | 2.96 (0.40) | t(42) = −1.87; P = .07 |
| BIS-11–attention, mean (SD) | 14.08 (3.17) | 15.85 (2.70) | t(42) = −1.97; P = .06 |
| BIS-11–motor impulsivity, mean (SD) | 21.17 (4.07) | 20.55 (3.73) | t(42) = 0.52; P = .61 |
| BIS-11–nonplanning, mean (SD) | 22.33 (5.31) | 23.95 (3.76) | t(42) = −1.14; P = .26 |
| CFC, total score (SD) | 3.50 (0.64) | 3.44 (0.61) | t(42) = 0.33; P = .76 |
| ZTPI–past negative, mean (SD) | 2.52 (0.71) | 2.72 (0.73) | t(42) = −0.92; P = .36 |
| ZTPI–present hedonic, mean (SD) | 3.41 (0.54) | 3.14 (0.52) | t(42) = 1.69; P = .27 |
| ZTPI–future, mean (SD) | 3.68 (0.57) | 3.67 (0.57) | t(42) = 0.06; P = .95 |
| ZTPI–past positive, mean (SD) | 3.68 (0.54) | 3.62 (0.65) | t(42) = 0.36; P = .72 |
| ZTPI–present fatalist, mean (SD) | 2.77 (0.74) | 2.84 (0.65) | t(42) = −0.32; P = .76 |
Abbreviations: SCD, subjective cognitive decline; SD, standard deviation; MMSE, Mini–Mental State Examination; CERAD, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease [44]; TMT-A and -B, Trial Making Test A and B; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory [45]; BIS, Barratt Impulsivity Scale [46], [47]; BIS/BAS, Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System [48]; CFC, Consideration of Future Consequences [49]; ZTPI, Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory [50].
∗
Indicate significant group differences in this measurement, P < .05.
†
The group differences in MMSE were tested by the Mann-Whitney U test.
‡
Missing data on one subject.