Table 1.
Cases of PMT.
| Author | Primary disease | Causes | Organism | Signs/Symptoms | Treatment | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Williams et al. [5] | Leukemia | Stem cell transplantation secondary to pancytopenia | Aspergillus | Progressive cough, nausea | Amphotericin B (IV), Amphotericin B (inhaled), caspofungin (IV) | Deceased |
| Strauss et al. [6] | Unknown | Aplastic Anemia | Bacillus cereus | Petechiae, weakness, dyspnea | Broad-spectrum antibiotic, anti-viral, antifungal therapy | Deceased (multiple organ failure) |
| Chang et al. [8] | Pt. 1: Diabetes mellitus Pt. 2: Diabetes |
Diabetic ketoacidosis Diabetic ketoacidosis |
Aspergillus Aspergillus |
Chest pain, cough, dyspnea, wheeze Non-productive cough, right side chest pain, fever |
Parental amphotericin B amphotericin B |
Deceased (septic shock) Improved |
| Tait et al. [7] | Pt. 1:Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma Pt. 2: Systemic lupus erythematosus-like disorder |
Neurtopenia Neurtopenia |
Aspergillus Aspergillus |
Weight loss, anorexia, non-productive cough, and pyrexia Weight loss, polyarthralgia, night sweats, pyrexia |
amphotericin B intravenous amphotericin B (1 mg/kg/day), flucytosine (120 mg/kg/day), and oral itraconazole (600 mg/day) commenced, |
Deceased Deceased (respiratory failure) |
| Hines et al. [9] | Pt.1: COPD Pt.2: Hodgkin's lymphoma Pt. 3 Myelodysplastic syndrome Pt. 4 Hepatic lesions |
Respiratory arrest Neutropenia Bone marrow transplant Neutropenia |
Aspergillus Aspergillus Aspergillus Aspergillus |
Fever, wheezing Fever Fever, hypotension Epigastric and lower back pain |
Vancomycin, Clindamycin, Amikacin Amphotericin B Amphotericin B Broad spectrum antibiotics |
Deceased Deceased (respiratory failure) Deceased (progressive respiratory insufficiency) Deceased |
| Pornsuriyasak et al. [10] | Tuberculous | Tuberculous tracheal stenosis | Aspergillus | Fever, Dyspnea, Chest pain | Oral voriconazole Nebulized amphotericin B | Cured |
| Huang et al. [11] | 16 cases: 56.3% (9/16) Pulmonary malignancies 31.3% (5/16) Bronchial involvement secondary to non-pulmonary tumor 12.5% (2/16) Lung transplant |
62.5% (10/16) Radiotherapy 43.8% (7/16) Repeated chemotherapy 25.0% (4/16) Recurrent intervention therapy by bronchoscope |
Aspergillus | 87.5% (14/16) Progressive dyspnea 75.0% (12/16) Irritable cough |
100% Amphotericin B (inhalation and infusion) | 68.8% (11/16) Deceased |
| Putnam et al. [3] | Leukemia | Bone marrow transplantation secondary to aplastic anemia | Aspergillus | Weakness, fatigue, dyspnea | Amphotericin B (IV) | Deceased |
| Patel et al. [12] | Leukemia | Pancytopenia | Aspergillus | Shortness of breath, cough, pleuritic chest pain | Amphotericin B (IV) | Deceased (progressive leukemia and sepsis) |
| Williams et al. [5] | Type 2 Diabetes and leukemia | allogeneic stem cell trans- plantation. | Rhizopus sp. | Progressive cough, dyspnea, nausea and emesis | intravenous liposomal amphotericin B, inhaled amphotericin B, intravenous caspofungin | Deceased (respiratory failure) |
| Le et al. [13] | Acute lymphoblastic leukemia. | chemotherapy | Aspergillus. | Cough, fever, and hoarseness. | Intravenous voriconazole G-CSF |
Improved |
| Argüder et al. [14] | Diabetes mellitus | Inconsistent use of insulin | Aspergillus | Cough, chest pain, hoarseness, fever, dyspnea | liposomal amphotericin B | Deceased |
| Ramos et al. [15] | Cardiac amyloidosis | Heart transplant | Aspergillus | Fever, dyspnea, wheezing, and a cough | IV voriconazole IV caspofungin |
Improved |
| Shah et al. [16] | Stillbirth | Pulmonary edema | Aspergillus | Dyspnea, stridor | Voriconazole | Improved, then lost to follow up |