Table 2.
Comparison of BMD and fracture risk associations of sex steroids and SHBG from large studies.
| Fracture risk | BMD | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Testosterone | Estrogen | SHBG | Testosterone | Estrogen | SHBG | ||||||||||||||
| Study | Characteristics | H | V | O | H | V | O | H | V | O | H | V | O | H | V | O | H | V | O |
| CHAMP | Observational study 958 Australian men over 70 5-year follow-up |
N | – | N | N | – | N | Y | – | Y | Y | – | – | Y | – | – | Y | – | – |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
| Dubbo | Observational study 609 Australian men over 60 Average follow-up of 5.8 years |
Y | N | N | N | N | N | – | – | – | – | N∗ | N∗ | – | Y∗ | Y∗ | – | Y∗ | Y∗ |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
| LASA | Observational study 623 Dutch men over 55 Follow-up 3–6 years |
– | – | N | – | – | Y | – | – | – | Y | – | – | Y | – | – | – | – | – |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
| Tromsø | Observational study 3564 Norwegian men and women aged 25 to 84 (avg age 60) Average follow-up of 6.5 years |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | Y∗ | – | – | Y∗ | – | – | Y |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
| Framingham | Prospective cohort study 405 men aged 68 to 96 Hypogonadal men (testosterone < 3 ng/mL) versus eugonadal men |
– | N | N | – | Y | Y | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
| mROS Sweden | Observational study 3014 Swedish men aged 69–80 Average follow-up of 3.32 years |
N | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
| mROS US | Observational study 1234 men over 65 Average follow-up of 4.6 years |
– | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | N | – | – | Y | – | – | Y | – | – |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
| mROS US | Observational study 1436 American men over 65 Average follow-up of 4.7 years |
N | – | N | N | – | Y | Y | – | Y | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
| mROS Hong Kong | Observational study 1498 men over 65 from Hong Kong Average follow-up of 4 years |
N | – | N | N | – | Y | N | – | N | N | – | N | Y | – | Y | N | – | N |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
| Rotterdam | Prospective case-control study 179 men over 55 from Rotterdam Average follow-up of 6.5 years |
– | – | – | – | N | – | – | N | – | – | – | – | – | Y∗ | – | – | N∗ | – |
|
| |||||||||||||||||||
| EPIC-Oxford | Prospective cohort study 155 men from Oxford avg age 51 6-year follow-up period |
– | – | N | – | – | Y | – | – | N | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Y denotes statistically significant association; N denotes no association; – indicates not studied. H = hip, V = vertebral, and O = other sites not including hip or vertebral. ∗ represents analysis was only univariate and not multivariate.