Table 1.

Circulating microRNAs as potential biomarkers in heart failure.

Study design	Sources	miRNAs expression alteration	miRNA detection	References
39 Healthy subjects	Plasma	miR-18b ↑	Microarray	[37]
30 HF		miR-129-5p ↑	qRT-PCR
20 Non-HF with dyspnea		miR-423-5p ↑
		miR-622 ↑
		miR-675 ↑
		miR-1254 ↑
30 Healthy subjects	Serum	miR-22 ↑	qRT-PCR	[38]
30 CHF		miR-92b ↑
		miR-320a ↑
		miR-423-5p ↑
15 Healthy subjects	Plasma	miR-30b ↓	Microarray	[39]
44 HF		miR-103 ↓	qRT-PCR
32 COPD		miR-142-3p ↓
		miR-342-3p ↓
17 Healthy subjects (Asymptomatic)	Plasma	miR-126 ↓	Microarray	[40]
10HF			qRT-PCR
19 Healthy subjects	PBMCs	ICM and NIDCM:	qRT-PCR	[41]
15 Ischemic cardiomyopathy ICM		miR-107 ↓
19 Non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy NIDCM		miR-139 ↓
		miR-142-5p ↓
		ICM only:
		miR-125b ↓
		miR-497 ↓
		NIDCM only:
		miR-142-3p ↑
		miR-29b ↑
10 Healthy subjects	Plasma	miR-423-5p unchanged	qRT-PCR	[42]
41 Right ventricular HF
34 Healthy subjects	Plasma	miR-122 ↑	qRT-PCR	[43]
33 AHF		miR-499 ↑
10 Healthy subjects	Plasma	miR-126 ↓	qRT-PCR	[44]
9 MI		miR-122 unchanged
15 HF		miR-499 unchanged

HF: heart failure; CHF: congestive heart failure; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ICM: ischemic cardiomyopathy; NIDCM: non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy; AHF: acute heart failure; MI: myocardial infarction.