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. 2017 Apr 3;11:28. doi: 10.3389/fnana.2017.00028

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Copyright © 2017 Bolz, Kasper, Bufe, Zufall and Pyrski.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution and reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) or licensor are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Analysis of Na_v channel expression in VNO of adult and early postnatal mice. (A–H) Confocal images showing immunoreactivity (red) observed for (A) Na_v1.2, (B) Na_v1.3, (C) Na_v1.6, and (D) Na_v1.7 in 12 μm coronal VNO cryosections of adult mice (left, overviews; right, magnifications). (A) Na_v1.2 staining is present in VSN knobs (arrowheads), dendrites and somata of basal (b) VSNs but absent in apical (a) VSNs (overview left). The magnification at the right shows colocalization of Na_v1.2 with V2R2 (green). (B) Na_v1.3 staining is moderate in VSN knobs (arrowheads), dendrites and somata and robust in axon bundles as identified in OMP-GFP mice (green signal). (C) Na_v1.6 is strong in knobs (arrowheads) and somata (bracket). The magnification and colocalization with OMP-GFP shows a decline in Na_v1.6 intensity from basal to apical. (D) Na_v1.7 staining is prominent in VSN knobs (arrowheads) and axon bundles (arrows). Peptide control experiments (E,F,G) lack immunoreactivity. (H) Na_v1.7 staining (top) is absent in axon bundles (arrows) of cNa_v1.7^−/− mice, visualized by OMP staining (bottom). (I-L) Immunoreactivity (red) for (I) Na_v1.2, (J) Na_v1.3, (K) Na_v1.6, and (L) Na_v1.7 at postnatal (P) day 2, P7, and P14. (I) Onset of Na_v1.2 in P2 VSNs (asterisks). At P7 and P14, basal (b) confinement of Na_v1.2 somata and labeled knobs (arrowheads; a). (J) Na_v1.3 is visible in single somata (asterisks) and axon bundles (arrows) at P7, and shows diffuse staining of the apical VNO (arrowheads) starting at P2. (K) Onset of Na_v1.6 in somata (asterisks) at P2 with increasing numbers at P7 and P14 throughout the VNO (brackets). (L) Na_v1.7 in single VSN somata (asterisks) and axon bundles (arrows) starts at P2. The knob area is substantially stained from P7 onwards. Images are representatives of n ≥ 3 adult mice (n = 20 sections per mouse) and n = 2 juvenile mice each at P2, P7, and P14 (n ≥ 10 sections per mouse). Scale bars overviews (A–H, left) and (E–H) 100 μm; magnifications (A–D) and (I–L) 20 μm.