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. 2015 May 22;5:10436. doi: 10.1038/srep10436

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Immediate survival of each stage of Plutella after different exposures at 40 °C. Replications are shown separately. For (b) 1^st-instar larva, (c) 3^rd-instar larva, (e) female and (f) male, immediate survival is defined as the survival rate measured followed by a recovery at 25 °C for 24 hrs after heat stress. For (a) egg and (d) pupa, immediate survival is measured as the egg hatching success and pupal emergence rate respectively, when reared at 25 °C after heat stress.