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. 2017 Apr 3;7:45641. doi: 10.1038/srep45641

Figure 5. Myocardial functional recovery and regional changes in wall motion after hiPSC-ME-ECTs cardiac implantation.

Figure 5

(a) Schematic timeline of rat surgery. Echo: echocardiogram. Left anterior descending artery (LAD) ligation is performed (Week -1) then a ME-ECT matured in vitro for 14 days (or sham suture) is implanted in a male nude rat (Week 0). Echo is performed prior to LAD ligation on Week-1 (W-1), prior to surgery at Week 0 (W0), then Week 2 (W2) and Week 4 (W4). (b) ME-ECT implanted onto the heart surface at infarction site (right). (c–e) Results of B-mode echocardiogram [n = 5 (Implant, red) and 5 (Sham, blue)]. (c) Left ventricular end diastolic area (LVAd; mm2), (d) ejection fraction (%), and (e) cardiac index, CI (mL/min/kg) [baseline before LAD ligation (W-1), before treatment (W0), and at week 2 (W2) and week 4 (W4), *P < 0.05 Implant versus Sham at W4]. (f) Comparison between W0 (dotted line) and W4 (solid line) averaged composite long axis Radial strains for Implant (red, n = 5) and Sham (blue, n = 5). Treatment shows an increase in posterior apex and posterior mid region shortening at W4 after ME-ECT implantation (**P < 0.01 versus W4 Sham). (g) Comparison between W0 (dotted line) and W4 (solid line) averaged composite long axis Longitudinal strains for Implant (red, n = 5) and Sham (blue, n = 5). Treatment shows an increase in anterior apex shortening at W4 after ME-ECT implantation (*P < 0.05 versus W4 Sham and †P < 0.05 versus W0 Implant). There is also a compensatory increase in anterior mid (‡‡P < 0.01 versus W0 Sham) and anterior base shortening (‡P < 0.05 versus W0 Sham) consistent with adaptive remodelling.