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. 2016 Sep 16;8(2):202–212. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.12145

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Activin A induces myotube atrophy by activating p38β MAPK. (A) Activin A induces myosin heavy chain (MHC) loss through the activation of p38 MAPK. C2C12 myotubes were treated with activin A for 72 h with or without the presence of SB202190. MHC in cell lysate was analysed by Western blotting. (B) Activin A‐induced MHC loss is not blocked by JNK inhibition. C2C12 myotubes were treated with activin A for 72 h with or without the presence of SP600125. MHC in cell lysate was analysed by Western blotting. (C) Activin A induces MHC loss through the activation of p38β MAPK. Myoblasts were transfected with siRNA as indicated and differentiated into myotubes for 96 h. Then, myotubes were treated with activin A for 72 h. MHC in cell lysate was analysed by Western blotting. (D–F) Activin A induces myotube atrophy through the activation of p38β MAPK. Myotubes derived from (A–C) were subjected to immunofluorescence staining of MHC. Diameter of myotubes was then determined as described in Methods section. Bar = 50 µm. Asterisk (*) denotes a difference (P < 0.05) between the bracketed columns as determined by analysis of variance.