Table 1.
In vitro drug uptake and elimination after 24 h exposure to albendazole (ABZ), albendazole sulfoxide (ABZSO), and albendazole sulfone (ABZSO2) by H. polygyrus and T. muris, as well as uptake of mebendazole (MBZ) and oxantel pamoate (OxP) by T. muris.
|
H. polygyrus |
T. muris |
||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Worms [nmol/10 worms] |
Medium [μM]a |
Worms [nmol/10 worms] |
Medium [μM]a |
Worms [nmol/10 worms] |
Worms [nmol/10 worms] |
||||||||||||||
| Conc. of incub. [μM] | ABZ ± SD | ABZSO ± SD | ABZSO2 ± SD | ABZ ± SD | ABZSO ± SD | ABZSO2 ± SD | ABZ ± SD | ABZSO ± SD | ABZSO2 ± SD | ABZ ± SD | ABZSO ± SD | ABZSO2 ± SD | Conc. of incub. [μM] | MBZ ± SD | Conc. of incub. [μM] | OxP ± SD | |||
| ABZ | 5 | 13 ± 6 | 14 ± 19 | 3 ± 3 | ND | 0.4 ± 0.2 | NP | 94 ± 44 | 45 ± 64 | 15 ± 18 | ND | 1.0 ± 0.5 | MBZ | 5 | 482 ± 388 | OxP | 5 | 13 ± 9 | |
| 10 | 16 ± 5 | 51 ± 9 | 5 ± 2 | ND | 0.4 ± 0.3 | NP | 176 ± 83 | 38 ± 35 | 67 ± 34 | ND | 2.0 ± 0.5 | 10 | 626 ± 463 | 10 | 27 ± 9 | ||||
| 25 | 5 ± 8 | 44 ± 14 | 22 ± 31 | ND | 0.5 ± 0.2 | NP | 263 ± 173 | 106 ± 178 | 90 ± 43 | ND | 2.6 ± 0.9 | 25 | 672 ± 251 | 25 | 65 ± 5 | ||||
| 50 | 28 ± 4 | 30 ± 10 | 2 ± 3 | ND | 0.6 ± 0.3 | NP | 551 ± 528 | 259 ± 285 | 103 ± 64 | ND | 3.5 ± 1.1 | 50 | 826 ± 390 | 50 | 155 ± 41 | ||||
| 75 | 55 ± 49 | 99 ± 7 | 13 ± 25 | ND | 0.6 ± 0.3 | NP | 598 ± 336 | 211 ± 224 | 149 ± 64 | ND | 5.2 ± 1.0 | 75 | 910 ± 362 | 75 | 169 ± 24 | ||||
| 100 | 10 ± 21 | 110 ± 70 | 10 ± 12 | ND | 0.3 ± 0.4 | NP | 641 ± 467 | 221 ± 224 | 141 ± 50 | ND | 3.9 ± 0.5 | 100 | 861 ± 503 | 100 | 197 ± 46 | ||||
| ABZSO | 5 | NP | 27 ± 12 | 16 ± 32 | NP | ND | NP | NP | 61 ± 18 | 6 ± 5 | NP | ND | |||||||
| 10 | NP | 12 ± 8 | 0.5 ± 0.0 | NP | ND | NP | NP | 131 ± 79 | 8 ± 6 | NP | ND | ||||||||
| 25 | NP | 31 ± 6 | 5 ± 3 | NP | ND | NP | NP | 282 ± 114 | 3 ± 3 | NP | ND | ||||||||
| 50 | NP | 56 ± 16 | 12 ± 10 | NP | ND | NP | NP | 563 ± 141 | 8 ± 4 | NP | ND | ||||||||
| 75 | NP | 77 ± 15 | 4 ± 4 | NP | ND | NP | NP | 787 ± 252 | 7 ± 5 | NP | ND | ||||||||
| 100 | NP | 111 ± 50 | 15 ± 25 | NP | ND | NP | NP | 833 ± 229 | 10 ± 4 | NP | ND | ||||||||
| ABZSO2 | 5 | NP | 19 ± 10 | 33 ± 10 | NP | 0.2 ± 0.1 | ND | NP | NP | 122 ± 45 | NP | NP | ND | ||||||
| 10 | NP | 19 ± 3 | 51 ± 23 | NP | 0.2 ± 0.1 | ND | NP | NP | 185 ± 55 | NP | NP | ND | |||||||
| 25 | NP | 13 ± 11 | 23 ± 8 | NP | 0.4 ± 0.0 | ND | NP | NP | 421 ± 171 | NP | NP | ND | |||||||
| 50 | NP | 9 ± 5 | 30 ± 20 | NP | 0.3 ± 0.0 | ND | NP | NP | 780 ± 258 | NP | NP | ND | |||||||
| 75 | NP | 16 ± 11 | 31 ± 8 | NP | 0.3 ± 0.0 | ND | NP | NP | 1127 ± 451 | NP | NP | ND | |||||||
| 100 | NP | 16 ± 8 | 33 ± 21 | NP | 0.2 ± 0.0 | ND | NP | NP | 1348 ± 447 | NP | NP | ND | |||||||
NP: No peak detected; ND: Not done; values are averages of n = 4 ± standard deviation (SD).
a
Parent compounds were quantified but not presented.