Table I.
Baseline characteristics of study population.
| Parameter | Pre-emptive (n=30) | Control (n=30) |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 68.6±5.6 | 67.8±4.3 |
| Male (%) | 7 (23.3) | 6 (20.0) |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.3±3.4 | 26.1±3.6 |
| Anesthesia time, min | 128.2±24.4 | 123.2±22.5 |
| Operative time, min | 90.2±17.4 | 92.3±15.6 |
| Tourniquet time, min | 60.9±17.9 | 60.6±12 |
| ASA grade (%) | ||
| I | 5 (16.7) | 6 (20.0) |
| II | 25 (83.3) | 24 (80.0) |
| Education (%) | ||
| Illiteracy | 12 (40) | 10 (33.3) |
| Elementary school | 8 (26.7) | 7 (23.3) |
| High school or above | 10 (33.3) | 13 (43.3) |
| Comorbidity (%) | ||
| Cardiovascular disease | 3 (10.0) | 3 (10.0) |
| Hypertension | 12 (40.0) | 12 (40.0) |
| Diabetes | 4 (13.3) | 4 (13.3) |
Continuous data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and tested by independent t-test. Categorical variables are presented as number (%) and tested by χ2 test. BMI, body mass index; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists.