Table 3.
Interviewer-administered TAPS Tool v. ASSIST (N=2,000)
| Positive on ASSIST N (%) |
Positive on TAPS N (%) |
Sensitivity (95 % Wilson Score CI)1 | Specificity (95 % Wilson Score CI) | PPV2 (95 % Wilson Score CI) | NPV3 (95 % Wilson Score CI) | AUC4 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High Risk on the ASSIST5 (TAPS Cut-Point = 2) | |||||||
| Tobacco | 115 (0.06) | 533 (0.27) | 0.90 (0.83, 0.94) | 0.77 (0.75, 0.79) | 0.20 (0.17, 0.24) | 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) | 0.84 |
| Alcohol | 69 (0.03) | 449 (0.22) | 0.87 (0.77, 0.93) | 0.80 (0.78, 0.82) | 0.13 (0.10, 0.16) | 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) | 0.83 |
| Marijuana | 27 (0.01) | 190 (0.10) | 0.96 (0.81, 0.99) | 0.92 (0.91, 0.93) | 0.14 (0.10, 0.20) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.94 |
| Cocaine, meth | 33 (0.02) | 76 (0.04) | 0.94 (0.80, 0.98) | 0.98 (0.97, 0.99) | 0.41 (0.31, 0.52) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.96 |
| Rx stimulant | 4 (0.00) | 5 (0.00) | 0.25 (0.05, 0.70) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.20 (0.04, 0.62) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.62 |
| Total Stimulants (Cocaine, meth & Rx stimulant) | 33 (0.02) | 80 (0.04) | 0.94 (0.80, 0.98) | 0.98 (0.97, 0.99) | 0.39 (0.29, 0.50) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.96 |
| Heroin | 39 (0.02) | 46 (0.02) | 0.82 (0.67, 0.91) | 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) | 0.70 (0.56, 0.81) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.91 |
| Rx opioids | 39 (0.02) | 29 (0.01) | 0.41 (0.27, 0.57) | 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) | 0.55 (0.37, 0.71) | 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) | 0.70 |
| Total Opioids (heroin & Rx opioids) | 39 (0.02) | 61 (0.03) | 0.92 (0.79, 0.97) | 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) | 0.59 (0.46, 0.70) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.96 |
| Sedative | 8 (0.00) | 35 (0.02) | 0.63 (0.31, 0.87) | 0.98 (0.97, 0.99) | 0.14 (0.06, 0.29) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.80 |
| Moderate Risk6 or Higher on the ASSIST (TAPS Cut-Point = 1) | |||||||
| Tobacco | 901 (0.45) | 778 (0.39) | 0.83 (0.80, 0.85) | 0.97 (0.96, 0.98) | 0.96 (0.94, 0.97) | 0.87 (0.85, 0.89) | 0.90 |
| Alcohol | 283 (0.14) | 679 (0.34) | 0.83 (0.78, 0.87) | 0.74 (0.72, 0.76) | 0.34 (0.31, 0.38) | 0.96 (0.95, 0.97) | 0.78 |
| Marijuana | 375 (0.19) | 317 (0.16) | 0.71 (0.66, 0.75) | 0.97 (0.96, 0.98) | 0.84 (0.80, 0.88) | 0.93 (0.92, 0.94) | 0.84 |
| Cocaine, meth | 262 (0.13) | 102 (0.05) | 0.36 (0.30, 0.42) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.92 (0.85, 0.96) | 0.91 (0.90, 0.92) | 0.68 |
| Rx stimulant | 56 (0.03) | 12 (0.01) | 0.09 (0.04, 0.19) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.42 (0.20, 0.68) | 0.97 (0.96, 0.98) | 0.54 |
| Total Stimulants (Cocaine, meth & Rx stimulant) | 262 (0.13) | 111 (0.06) | 0.37 (0.31, 0.43) | 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) | 0.87 (0.79, 0.92) | 0.91 (0.90, 0.92) | 0.68 |
| Heroin | 181 (0.09) | 60 (0.03) | 0.31 (0.25, 0.38) | 1.00 (1.00, 1.00) | 0.93 (0.84, 0.97) | 0.94 (0.93, 0.95) | 0.65 |
| Rx opioids | 181 (0.09) | 70 (0.04) | 0.28 (0.22, 0.35) | 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) | 0.73 (0.62, 0.82) | 0.93 (0.92, 0.94) | 0.64 |
| Total Opioids (heroin & Rx opioids) | 181 (0.09) | 109 (0.05) | 0.48 (0.41, 0.55) | 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) | 0.79 (0.70, 0.86) | 0.95 (0.94, 0.96) | 0.73 |
| Sedative | 92 (0.05) | 55 (0.03) | 0.47 (0.37, 0.57) | 0.99 (0.98, 0.99) | 0.78 (0.65, 0.87) | 0.97 (0.96, 0.98) | 0.73 |
Notes. Rx=prescription, meth=methamphetamine. AUC for alcohol moderate risk or higher for a cut-off of 2 = 0.80.
1
Wilson Score CI = Wilson Score Confidence Intervals
2
PPV = Positive Predictive Value
3
NPV = Negative Predictive Value
4
AUC = Area Under the Curve
5
High Risk on the ASSIST for tobacco, alcohol and all drugs ≥ 27.
6
Moderate Risk on the ASSIST for tobacco and all drugs = 4 – 26; Moderate Risk for alcohol = 11–26.