Table 1. Comparison of cellular characteristics between BMSC and ADSC.
| BMSC | ADSC | |
|---|---|---|
| Source | Bone marrow | Adipose tissue |
| Extraction | BM aspiration (iliac bone) | Liposuction (subcutaneous fat) |
| Complication | Rare (infection, excessive bleeding) | Rare (infection) |
| Abundance | Rare (< 0.01% of BM resident cells) | Abundant (1% of resident fat cells) |
| Surface markers (positive) | CD73, CD90, CD105, STRO-1 | CD13, CD29, CD44, CD71, CD73, CD90, CD105, CD166, STRO-1 |
| Surface markers (negative) | CD14, CD34, CD45, HLA-DR | CD14, CD31, CD34 (late passage), CD45 |
| Proliferation | ++ | +++ |
| Senescence rate | 11-24 % until P6 | 6-13% until P6 |
| Maximal passage | P7-9 | P8-9 |
| Differentiation | Multipotent (osteocyte, chondrocyte, adipocyte, hepatocyte, cardiomyocyte, pancreatic cell, neuronal cell) | Multipotent (osteocyte, chondrocyte, adipocyte, hepatocyte, cardiomyocyte, pancreatic cell, neuronal cell) |
| Secretome | SDF-1, HGF | bFGF, IGF-1, IFN-γ |
| Immunemodulation | ++ | +++ |
| Tumorigenisity | None/ectopic bone formation | None |
| Transplantation | Autologous/allogenic | Autologous |
BMSC: bone marrow-mesenchymal stem cell, ADSC: adipose tissue-derived stem cell, BM: bone marrow, STRO-1: stromal cell surface marker 1, HLA-DR: human leukocyte antigen-antigen D related, HGF: hepatocyte growth factor, bFGF: basic fibroblast growth factor, IGF-1: insulin-like gowth factor 1, IFN-γ: interferon gamma