Table 2.

Differences between natal dispersers and non-dispersers in the annual number of recruits produced depending on when the brood size manipulation occurred: (a) at least 1 year after the first breeding event (corresponding to the natal dispersal event) or (b) in the year of the first breeding event. The table shows the test of the interaction between natal dispersal status and lifetime brood size manipulation status. In (a), individuals did not differ in the natal dispersal year; in (b) they did not differ in years following the manipulation. Significant effects are shown in italics.

period	χ2	d.f.	p-values
(a) individuals manipulated at least 1 year after the natal dispersal event
first breeding event	0.75	2	0.687
subsequent breeding events	7.96	2	0.019
(b) individuals manipulated in the year of the first breeding event
first breeding event	6.97	2	0.030
subsequent breeding events	3.13	2	0.209