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. 2017 Apr 3;108(3):528–535. doi: 10.1111/cas.13142

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© 2016 The Authors. Cancer Science published by John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd on behalf of Japanese Cancer Association.

This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution‐NonCommercial‐NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Migration and invasive phenotype affected by podocalyxin (PODXL). (a) Motility assays were performed, and cells traversing the filter were counted. Representative findings of A549 cells traversing the filter are shown. The number of stained cells were counted in four microscopic fields per well at a magnification of ×10. Data were collected from three independently performed experiments. The values are the means ± SD of three experiments. *P ≤ 0.05 (Mann–Whitney U‐test). Scale bar = 100 μm. (b) Invasion assays were performed with podocalyxin knockdown (PODXL‐KD) cells. (c) Motility assays were performed using PODXL‐overexpression (OE) cells. (d) Invasion assays were performed with PODXL‐OE cells. (e, f) Cell migration and invasion of PODXL‐OE cells was assessed after treatment with the PI3K inhibitor LY294002.