Table 2.

Fat fraction. Conventional Cartesian imaging shows apparent error in fat fraction estimation due to the artefactual phase caused by mis-aligned k-spaces between gradient echoes. SNR was measured with separated water in all tubes.

	SNR	0% fat (%)	5% fat (%)	10% fat (%)	15% fat (%)	20% fat (%)	30% fat (%)	40% fat (%)	50% fat (%)
Cartesian	55.3	10.4 ±13.2	12.2 ±21.5	13.0 ±2.3	13.8 ±3.1	13.2 ±2.8	21.5 ±2.1	34.6 ±1.6	47.3 ±1.8
Ramp sampling with nominal trajectory	45.9	37.9 ±1.9	42.3 ±1.7	46.7 ±1.9	50.4 ±1.8	48.1 ±2.0	43.5 ±2.1	42.6 ±1.7	48.2 ±1.7
Ramp sampling with GIRF	56.1	5.9 ±2.1	6.2 ±2.0	9.9 ±2.4	14.8 ±2.6	19.7 ±2.6	29.0 ±1.6	39.6 ±1.5	50.6 ±1.7
Ramp sampling with SPI-based measurement	56.4	5.4 ±2.1	6.2 ±2.2	10.3 ±2.3	15.3 ±3.0	19.8 ±2.5	29.1 ±1.7	39.8 ±1.5	50.3 ±1.8