Table 2.
Single and dual-task results.
| Good TMT performers | Poor TMT performers | p-value | F-value | Degrees of freedom | Effect size | R2 | Odd's ratio (95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SINGLE TASKS | ||||||||
| Walking speed on SWP [m/s] | 1.67 ± 0.24 | 1.56 ± 0.25 | 0.077 | 3.13 | 1 | 0.003 | 0.35 | 0.5 (0.2–1.1) |
| Walking time on CWP [s] | 16.0 ± 0.9 | 16.8 ± 3.3 | 0.95 | 0.004 | 1 | 0.000 | 0.20 | 1.0 (0.9–1.1) |
| Checking boxes [1/s] | 1.64 ± 0.26 | 1.45 ± 0.26 | <0.0001 | 37.43 | 1 | 0.040 | 0.28 | 0.1 (0.1–0.2) |
| Subtracting serial 7 s [1/s] | 0.47 ± 0.17 | 0.34 ± 0.15 | <0.0001 | 74.72 | 1 | 0.087 | 0.22 | 0.0 (0.003–0.03) |
| ≥1 subtraction error (proportion of cohort) [%] | 33 | 56 | <0.0001 | 28.23 | 1 | 0.039 | 0.08 | 2.4 (1.7–3.4) |
| DUAL-TASK CONDITIONS—SWP | ||||||||
| Walking when checking boxes [m/s] | 1.48 ± 0.23 | 1.38 ± 0.23 | 0.18 | 1.79 | 1 | 0.002 | 0.30 | 0.6 (0.3–1.3) |
| Checking boxes when walking [1/s] | 1.42 ± 0.27 | 1.25 ± 0.27 | <0.0001 | 23.74 | 1 | 0.026 | 0.26 | 0.04 (0.01–0.14) |
| Walking when subtracting [m/s] | 1.40 ± 0.27 | 1.27 ± 0.25 | 0.003 | 8.81 | 1 | 0.010 | 0.26 | 0.3 (0.2–0.7) |
| Subtracting when walking [1/s] | 0.44 ± 0.17 | 0.34 ± 0.14 | <0.0001 | 50.39 | 1 | 0.064 | 0.16 | 0.02 (0.01–0.07) |
| ≥1 subtraction error (proportion of cohort) [%] | 35 | 46 | 0.039 | 4.29 | 1 | 0.006 | 0.03 | 1.4 (1.0–2.0) |
| DUAL-TASK CONDITIONS—CWP | ||||||||
| Walking when checking boxes [s] | 19.3 ± 4.3 | 20.3 ± 5.0 | 0.79 | 0.07 | 1 | 0.000 | 0.21 | 1.0 (1.0–1.0) |
| Checking boxes when walking [1/s] | 1.40 ± 0.25 | 1.23 ± 0.25 | <0.0001 | 28.32 | 1 | 0.031 | 0.27 | 0.04 (0.01–0.1) |
| Walking when subtracting [s] | 19.4 ± 5.1 | 21.7 ± 5.5 | 0.0013 | 10.46 | 1 | 0.014 | 0.13 | 1.1 (1.0–1.1) |
| Subtracting when walking [1/s] | 0.45 ± 0.16 | 0.34 ± 0.13 | <0.0001 | 73.80 | 1 | 0.088 | 0.20 | 0.01 (0.0–0.2) |
| ≥1 subtraction error (proportion of cohort) [%] | 31 | 47 | 0.0013 | 10.38 | 1 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 1.7 (1.2–2.4) |
Data are presented with mean and standard deviation. P-Values, F-Values, degrees of freedom, effect size (eta square), R-squared values, and Odd's ratios were calculated using a logistical regression model and the likelihood ratio, with correction for age, gender, body mass index, education level, and the Mini-Mental State Examination score. CWP, circular walking path; SWP, straight walking path; TMT, Trail Making Test. Note that the parameters for walking on the SWP are displayed with walking speed [m/s] and parameters for walking on the CWP with time needed to walk three times around a circle with 1.2 m diameter [s].