Table 3.
The American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status (ASA-PS) according to perioperative factors and 30-day mortality
| Total (N = 24,318) | 1 (N = 6293) | 2 (N = 13,782) | 3 (N = 4113) | 4 (N = 123) | 5 (N = 7) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| sAs | |||||||
| 0–2 | 156 (0.6%) | 13 (0.2%) | 54 (0.4%) | 70 (1.7%) | 17 (13.8%) | 2 (28.6%) | <0.001 |
| 3–4 | 1086 (4.5%) | 172 (2.7%) | 581 (4.2%) | 307 (7.5%) | 25 (20.3%) | 1 (14.3%) | |
| 5–6 | 3903 (16.0%) | 634 (10.1%) | 2260 (16.4%) | 979 (23.8%) | 28 (22.8%) | 2 (28.6%) | |
| 7–8 | 11,906 (49.0%) | 3049 (48.5%) | 6851 (49.7%) | 1965 (47.8%) | 40 (32.5%) | 1 (14.3%) | |
| 9–10 | 7267 (29.9%) | 2425 (38.5%) | 4036 (29.3%) | 792 (19.3%) | 13 (10.6%) | 1 (14.3%) | |
| Age (years) | 55.2 ± 17.1 | 44.1 ± 15.1 | 58.4 ± 16.1 | 61.1 ± 15.7 | 63.5 ± 16.1 | 55.7 ± 18.5 | <0.001 |
| Women | 13,020 (53.5%) | 4121 (65.5%) | 7232 (52.5%) | 1626 (39.5%) | 40 (32.5%) | 1 (14.3%) | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.4 ± 3.8 | 21.8 ± 3.0 | 22.8 ± 3.8 | 22.3 ± 4.3 | 21.9 ± 4.1 | 22.2 ± 3.0 | <0.001 |
| Estimated blood loss | |||||||
| Median [IQR] (ml) | 40 [10–190] | 26 [7–100] | 40 [10–200] | 66 [17–275] | 180 [30–1035] | 381 [28–1750] | <0.001 |
| >1000 | 1337 (5.5%) | 198 (3.1%) | 781 (5.7%) | 325 (7.9%) | 31 (25.2%) | 2 (28.6%) | <0.001 |
| 601–1000 | 1317 (5.4%) | 283 (4.5%) | 775 (5.6%) | 249 (6.1%) | 9 (7.3%) | 1 (14.3%) | |
| 101–600 | 5324 (21.9%) | 1067 (17.0%) | 3067 (22.3%) | 1156 (28.1%) | 32 (26.0%) | 2 (28.6%) | |
| <100 | 16,340 (67.2%) | 4745 (75.4%) | 9159 (66.5%) | 2383 (57.9%) | 51 (41.5%) | 2 (28.6%) | |
| Lowest mean arterial pressure | |||||||
| Mean ± SD (mmHg) | 56.9 ± 12.9 | 58.6 ± 11.9 | 56.8 ± 12.9 | 54.9 ± 13.7 | 53.7 ± 13.9 | 46.7 ± 22.0 | <0.001 |
| <40 | 1247 (5.1%) | 211 (3.4%) | 672 (4.9%) | 345 (8.4%) | 16 (13.0%) | 3 (42.9%) | <0.001 |
| 40–54 | 9956 (40.9%) | 2190 (34.8%) | 5801 (42.1%) | 1903 (46.3%) | 60 (48.8%) | 2 (28.6%) | |
| 55–69 | 9767 (40.2%) | 2880 (45.8%) | 5479 (39.8%) | 1373 (33.4%) | 35 (28.5%) | – | |
| >70 | 3348 (13.8%) | 1012 (16.1%) | 1830 (13.3%) | 492 (12.0%) | 12 (9.8%) | 2 (28.6%) | |
| Lowest heart rate | |||||||
| Mean ± SD (bpm) | 54.6 ± 10.8 | 53.0 ± 9.8 | 54.3 ± 10.2 | 57.7 ± 12.9 | 67.1 ± 19.2 | 71.9 ± 12.0 | <0.001 |
| >85 | 426 (1.8%) | 77 (1.2%) | 182 (1.3%) | 143 (3.5%) | 23 (18.7%) | 1 (14.3%) | <0.001 |
| 76–85 | 707 (2.9%) | 117 (1.9%) | 359 (2.6%) | 214 (5.2%) | 15 (12.2%) | 2 (28.6%) | |
| 66–75 | 2189 (9.0%) | 433 (6.9%) | 1181 (8.6%) | 550 (13.4%) | 23 (18.7%) | 2 (28.6%) | |
| 56–65 | 5951 (24.5%) | 1330 (21.1%) | 3444 (25.0%) | 1157 (28.1%) | 19 (15.4%) | 1 (14.3%) | |
| <55 | 15,045 (61.9%) | 4336 (68.9%) | 8616 (62.5%) | 2049 (49.8%) | 43 (35.0%) | 1 (14.3%) | |
| Emergency procedure | 2525 (10.4%) | 643 (10.2%) | 1250 (9.1%) | 567 (13.8%) | 59 (48.0%) | 6 (85.7%) | <0.001 |
| Operative duration (h) | 2.7 ± 1.9 | 2.4 ± 1.8 | 2.8 ± 1.9 | 3.0 ± 1.9 | 2.6 ± 1.9 | 2.0 ± 1.1 | <0.001 |
| Anesthesia duration (h) | 3.7 ± 2.2 | 3.3 ± 2.1 | 3.8 ± 2.2 | 4.2 ± 2.2 | 3.5 ± 2.2 | 2.9 ± 1.5 | <0.001 |
| 30-Day mortality | 123 (0.51%) | 2 (0.03%) | 40 (0.29%) | 63 (1.53%) | 16 (13.01%) | 2 (28.57%) | <0.001 |