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. 2017 Feb 27;7:43493. doi: 10.1038/srep43493

Figure 5. GINIP+ neurons are required for formalin-evoked pain hypersensitivity.

Figure 5

(A) GINIP-DTR mice exhibited significantly less attempts to remove the tape from their back in comparison to the control mice (Fig. 5A, GINIP+/+ 58.3 ± 7.2 bouts n = 9 and GINIP-DTR 36.3 ± 4.6 bouts n = 11). (B) No difference in mechanical threshold between GINIP-DTR mice and GINIP+/+ littermate before (0.749 ± 0.09 and 0.759 ± 0.05/n = 10 and 10) or after DTX injection (0.631 ± 0.06 and 0.501 ± 0.05/n = 10 and 8, respectively). (C) No difference in CFA induced mechanical hypersensitivity between GINIP-DTR mice and GINIP+/+ littermate (n = 10 and 11, respectively). (D) GINIP-DTR and GINIP+/+ littermate developed a clear CCI-induced mechanical hypersensitivity during the first two weeks post injury with no significant difference (two-way RM ANOVA, t = 0,188, p = 0,854) between genotypes (n = 9 and 8, respectively). (E) Impaired formalin-evoked pain in DT-injected GINIP-DTR and GINIP+/+ littermate mice (n = 11 and 12 respectively). GINIP-DTR mice response to formalin-evoked pain is drastically altered with a moderate first phase (p = 0.006) and an almost complete abolition of the second phase (p < 0.001) compared to biphasic GINIP+/+ response.