Table 2. The demographic and clinical characteristics of the SAFV infected patients.
| SAFV-positive | P value | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Subtotal | Single-detection | Co-detection | SAFV-negative | SAFV-positive vs. SAFV-negative | Single-detection vs. co-detection |
| Cohort 1 | (n = 17) | (n = 3) | (n = 14) | (n = 1630) | ||
| Age, months (median, range) | 36 (8–108) | 45 (38–108) | 31 (8–77) | 9 (1–172) | <0.001a | 0.130a |
| Sex, boy (%) | 12 (70.6) | 2 (66.7) | 10 (71.4) | 1084 (66.5) | 0.723b | 1.00c |
| Clinical manifestation | ||||||
| Cough | 16 (94.1) | 3 (100) | 13 (92.9) | 1534 (94.1) | 1.000b | 1.00c |
| Pneumonia | 8 (47.1) | 3 (100) | 5 (35.7) | 1196 (73.4) | 0.015b | 0.082c |
| Bubble | 9 (52.9) | 0 (0) | 9 (64.3) | 1217 (74.7) | 0.051b | 0.082c |
| Asthma | 7 (41.2) | 0 (0) | 7 (50.0) | 231 (14.2) | 0.002b | 0.228c |
| Rhonchi | 6 (35.3) | 0 (0) | 6 (42.9) | 749 (46.0) | 0.380b | 0.514c |
| Rhinorrhoea | 3 (17.7) | 0 (0) | 3 (21.4) | 234 (14.4) | 0.701c | 1.00c |
| Dyspnea | 2 (11.8) | 0 (0) | 2 (14.3) | 299 (18.3) | 0.752c | 0.686c |
| Bronchitis | 2 (11.8) | 0 (0) | 2 (14.3) | 72 (4.4) | 0.176c | 0.686c |
| Sore throat | 1 (5.9) | 0 (0) | 1 (7.1) | 26 (1.6) | 0.246c | 0.823c |
| Cohort 2 | (n = 12) | (n = 3) | (n = 9) | (n = 2001) | ||
| Age, months (median, range) | 11 (2–38) | 13 (11–14) | 10 (2–37) | 10 (1–1630) | 0.774a | 0.266a |
| Sex, boy (%) | 9 (75.0) | 2 (66.7) | 7 (77.8) | 1246 (62.2) | 0.552b | 0.618c |
| Clinical manifestations | ||||||
| Diarrhea times ≥ 5 | 2 (25.0) | 1 (50.0) | 1 (11.1) | 974 (48.6) | 0.290c | 0.456c |
| Vomiting | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 928 (46.3) | 0.009c | NA |
| Cohort 3 | (n = 86) | (n = 28) | (n = 58) | (n = 2306) | ||
| Age, months (median, range) | 24 (6–55) | 20 (9–55) | 24 (6–52) | 24 (1–168) | 0.335a | 0.361a |
| Sex, boy (%) | 60 (69.8) | 20 (71.4) | 40 (69.0) | 1537 (66.7) | 0.547b | 0.816b |
| Outcome | <0.001b | 0.212b | ||||
| Mild HFMD | 39 (45.4) | 10 (35.7) | 29 (50.0) | 1450 (62.9) | ||
| Severe HFMD | 47 (54.7) | 18 (64.3) | 29 (50.0) | 856 (37.1) | ||
| Clinical manifestations | ||||||
| Respiratory system | 8 (9.3) | 2 (7.1) | 6 (20.3) | 199 (8.6) | 0.828b | 1.00c |
| Digestive system | 4 (4.7) | 3 (10.7) | 1 (1.7) | 134 (5.8) | 0.816c | 0.100c |
| Circulatory system | 4 (4.7) | 1 (3.6) | 3 (5.2) | 193 (8.4) | 0.218c | 0.607c |
| Nervous system | 45 (52.3) | 17 (60.7) | 28 (48.3) | 856 (37.1) | 0.004b | 0.279b |
Note: respiratory system syndromes were defined as the presence of at least one of the followings: cough, bronchitis or other upper respiratory tract disease, or pneumonia; digestive system syndromes were defined as the presence of at least one of the followings: diarrhea or vomit; circulatory system syndromes were defined as the presence of at least one of the followings: myocarditis or cardiac damage; nervous syndromes were defined as the presence of at least one of the followings: meningitis, encephalitis, brain myelitis, coma, acute flaccid paralysis or seizures. HFMD, Hand, foot, and mouth disease; NA, not applicable.
aMann-Whitney U test.
bχ2 test, two-sided.
cFisher exact test.