Figure 1.

Increased levels of plasma VEGF in type 1 diabetes do not correlate to metabolic control. (a) The circulating levels of VEGF in plasma were increased in patients with long-standing (>10 years) type 1 diabetes (T1D, n = 115) when compared to matched healthy controls (HC, n = 45). In T1D patients there was no correlation between the plasma levels of VEGF and fasting plasma glucose (b), present HbA1c levels (c), or the average historical HbA1c levels from the last 10 years (d). However, there was a positive correlation between average historical and present metabolic control (e). An unpaired two-tailed t-test based on ranks (Mann–Whitney) was applied in (a) since VEGF was not normally distributed. Values are given as mean ± SEM. All correlations were calculated using nonparametric Spearman correlation. ∗∗∗ denotes p < 0.001.