Table 2. Survival proportions of T. absoluta individuals reaching pupae (from egg to pupa) or adults (from egg to adult) when feeding on tomato plants supplied with various nitrogen and water inputs (ON: optimal nitrogen; EN: excessive nitrogen; IN: insufficient nitrogen; OW: optimal water; LD: low drought; HD: high drought). ON-OW was considered as control group and other treatments were compared to this control group. * P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 (significantly different from values of individuals developing on plants subjected to optimal nitrogen [ON] and optimal water [OW], in italics) (permuted Fisher exact test).

Nitrogen input	Water input	Proportion of individuals reaching pupae	Proportion of individuals reaching adults
ON	OW	0.70	0.57
ON	LD	0.58	0.44
ON	HD	0.51 **	0.39 *
EN	OW	0.58	0.42 *
EN	LD	0.60	0.44
EN	HD	0.43 ***	0.36 **
IN	OW	0.54 *	0.39 *
IN	LD	0.38 ***	0.26 ***
IN	HD	0.28 ***	0.22 ***