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. 2017 Mar 31;8:14719. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14719

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Copyright © 2017, The Author(s)

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Plasma parameters measured by the four MMS observatories on 30 December 2015 in a KAW packet. (a,b) Compressive fluctuations are observed in anti-correlated electron density (Δn_e) and magnetic field magnitude (ΔB) measurements. (c,d) Positively correlated fluctuations are observed in near-transverse components of the magnetic field (ΔB_X) and electron bulk velocity (ΔV_ex). (e–h) Fluctuations in both parallel and perpendicular temperature of both electrons (ΔT_e) and ions (ΔT_i) are shown, with the strongest relative fluctuations (∼10%) observed in the perpendicular electron temperature. (i) Bursts of electron-scale phase space holes measured in the parallel electric field (ΔE_||) are bunched with the ion-scale KAW wave and correspond to some of the gradients in the measured electron pressure.