Delayed oral onset of swallow |
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Apraxia of swallow; reduced oral sensation |
Searching tongue movements |
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Apraxia of swallow |
Tongues moves forward to start to swallow |
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Tongue thrust |
Residue in anterior sulcus |
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Reduced labial tension; reduced lingual control |
Residue in lateral sulcus |
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Reduced buccal tension |
Residue on floor of mouth sulcus |
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Reduced tongue shaping or coordination |
Residue in midtongue depression |
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Tongue scarring |
Residue on tongue |
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Reduced tongue movement and strength |
Disturbed lingual contraction |
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Disorganized A-P tongue |
Incomplete tongue-palate contact |
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Reduced tongue elevation |
Residue on hard palate |
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Reduced tongue elevation and strength |
Reduced A-P tongue movement |
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Reduced A-P lingual coordination |
Uncontrolled bolus/premature swallow |
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Reduced tongue control; reduced linguavelar seal |
Aspiration (%) before swallow |
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Reduced tongue control |
Piecemeal deglutition |
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Oral transit time |
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Posture/treatment introduced |
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