(c).
Lateral view | Consistency of food | |
---|---|---|
Pharyngeal phase | Amount of bolus | Possible swallowing disorders |
Nasal penetration | Reduced velopharyngeal closure | |
Pseudoepiglottis (total laryngectomy) | ||
Coating on pharyngeal walls after swallow | Reduced pharyngeal contraction | |
Vallecular residue (%) after swallow Aspiration of this (%) after swallow |
Reduced tongue base posterior movement | |
Coating in depression on pharyngeal walls Aspiration of this (%) after swallow |
Scar tissue; pharyngeal pouch | |
Residue at top of airway | Reduced laryngeal elevation | |
Aspiration of this (%) after swallow | ||
Penetration into airway entrance Aspiration of this (%) after swallow |
Reduced laryngeal elevation/reduced closure of airway entrance | |
Reduced laryngeal closure Aspiration of this (%) after swallow |
Reduced closure of airway entrance | |
Aspiration during swallow | Reduced laryngeal closure | |
Residue in both pyriform sinuses Aspiration of this (%) after swallow |
Reduced laryngeal anterior notion, cricopharyngeal dysfunction, stricture | |
Residue throughout the pharynx Aspiration of this (%) after swallow |
Generalized reduced pression during swallow | |
Pharyngeal transit time | ||
Posture introduced | ||
Cervical esophageal phase | ||
Esophageal-to-pharyngeal backflow | ||
Tracheoesophageal fistula | ||
Other |