Table 1.

Demographic and clinical features of patients coded as 250.40 (Type 2 diabetes with renal manifestations) as cause of ESRD on CMS2728 (those meeting KDOQI 2007 guideline criteria for Type 2 DN versus those who did not meet KDOQI criteria are compared^a)

	Met KDOQI 2007 criteria for Type 2 DN as cause of ESRD		P-value
	Yes	No
	(N = 44)	(N = 12)
Age (years)	66.8 ± 9.5	61.8 ± 10.3	0.12
Sex			0.33
Male	29 (65.9%)	6 (50.0%)
Female	15 (34.1%)	6 (50.0%)
Race
White	6 (13.6%)	0 (0%)	0.32
African–American	30 (68.2%)	8 (66.7%)	1.00
Asian	0 (0%)	2 (16.7%)	0.04
Other	8 (18.2%)	2 (16.7%)	1.00
RRT type	43 (98%) HD	12 (100%) HD	1.00
Body mass index, kg/m2	31.4 ± 7.3	29.8 ± 4.2	0.48
History of hypertension	44 (100%)	12 (100%)	1.00
History of cardiovascular diseaseb	30 (68%)	9 (75%)	0.73
History of smoking	13 (30%) (N = 43)	5 (42%)	0.50
Years since diagnosis of Type 2 DM	19 (8–40) (N =33) (N = 11 unknown)	11 (3–20) (N = 8) (N = 3 unknown, N = 1 Type 1 DM)	0.007
Active urine sediment	0 (0%)	3c (27%) (N = 11)	0.006
Developed macroalbuminuria prior to ESRD	44 (100%)	9 (82%) (N = 11)	0.037
Microalbuminuria only prior to ESRD	0 (0%)	0 (0%)	1.00
Retinopathy	38 (86%)	4 (36%) (N = 11)	0.002
Biopsy	1d	2e (N = 11)	0.099

HD, hemodialysis.

^aData are presented as mean ± standard deviation, as median (range) or as number (percentage). Patient records were reviewed by a primary and secondary provider, with a third provider in the event of disagreement, as per Materials and methods.

^bDefined as history of coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular disease and/or peripheral vascular disease.

^cAll patients with active urine sediment had associated Hepatitis C.

^dBiopsy results: one patient had BK nephropathy in transplant kidney; one patient had membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with cryoglobulinemia and background diabetic changes.

^eBiopsy results: consistent with diabetic nephropathy.