Table 3.
Sasang type-specific clinical features in temperature preference
| References | Preference for heat (aversion to cold) | Preference for cold (aversion to heat) | Temperature of hands or feet | Preferred temperature of drinking water or food |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kim HJ et al (2009)24 | SE > TE, SE > SY‡ (SE:53.7%, SY:44.8%, TE:39.1%) | TE > SY, TE > SE‡ (TE:41.3%, SY:32.2%, SE:20.4%) | n.a. | n.a. |
| Kwon JH et al (2013)29 | SE > SY, SE > TE† (SE:52.0%, SY:28.0%, TE:20.0%) | TE > SY, TE > SE† (TE:45.5%, SY:31.8%, SE:22.7%) | Hands: warm [TE > SY, TE > SE† (TE:43.3%, SY:32.0%, SE:24.7%)], cold [SE > SY, SE > TE† (SE:64.7%, SY:23.5%, TE:11.8%)]; feet: warm [TE > SY, TE > SE† (TE:46.6%, SY:30.7%, SE:22.7%)], cold [SE > SY, SE > TE† (SE:44.8%, SY:31.0%, TE:24.1%)] |
Warm [SE > SY, SE > TE† (SE:40.8%, SY:35.5%, TE:23.7%)], cold [TE > SY, TE > SE† (TE: 46.6%, SY: 29.3%, SE:24.1%)] |
| Lee SH et al (2005)30 | SE > non-SE‡ (aversion to heat, RDA=–0.5) | TE > SE, SY > SE‡ (RDA=0.1) | Warm [TE > non-TE‡ (RDA=0.2)], cold [SE > non-SE‡ (RDA=0.2)] | Warm [SE > non-SE‡ (RDA=0.5)], cold [TE > SE, SY > SE‡ (RDA=0.1)] |
| Shin SW et al (2013)27 | SE, SY, TE‡ (42.9%, 25.3%, 22.9%) | TE, SY, SE‡ (31.2%, 26.4%, 13.5%) | Cold [SE, SY, TE‡ (41.1%, 18.9%, 18.9%)] | Cold [TE, SY, SE‡ (52.4%, 48.2%, 26.8%)] |
| Baek YH et al (2009)31 | SE > SY, SE > TE‡ (SE:53.6%, SY:40.6%, TE:37.9%) | TE > SY, TE > SE‡ (TE:35.8%, SY:31.8%, SE:15.6%) | Hands: warm [TE, SY, SE‡ (52.3%, 41.5%, 37.7%)], cold [SE > SY, SE > TE‡ (SE:33.2%, SY:24.5%, TE:12.3%)]; feet: warm [TE, SY, SE‡ (43.8%, 35.3%, 31.3%)], cold [SE > SY, SE > TE‡ (SE:37.1%, SY:28.6%, TE:18.8%)] |
Warm [SE > SY, SE > TE‡ (SE:45.3%, SY:29.4%, TE:28.5%)], cold‡ [SY, TE, SE (49.5%, 49.2%, 37.3%)] |
| Jang ES et al (2007)32 | SE > SY, SE > TE† (SE:50.0%, SY:38.0%, TE:36.1%) | TE > SE, SY > SE† (TE:27.2%, SY:25.6%, SE:12.0%) | Cold [SE > TE, SE > SY‡ (SE:50.0%, TE:30.4%, SY:28.5%)] | Warm [SE > SY > TE† (SE:58.1%, SY:44.1%, TE:42.1%)], cold [TE > SE, SY > SE† (TE:57.9%, SY: 55.9%, SE:41.8%)] |
| Kim SH et al (2005)36 | Feels relatively cold (SE > non-SE) (significant at 27 °C, humidity 50%) | Feels relatively hot (TE > non-TE) (significant at 27 °C, humidity 50%) | n.a. | n.a. |
| Kim YY et al (2012)37 | n.a. | n.a. | Cold [SY > non-SY* (SY:79.2%, SE:74.6%, TE:46.4%)] | Cold [TE > SY > SE† (TE:89.3%, SY:81.0%, SE:64.2%)] |
| Choi JY, (2004)40 | SE > TE, SY > TE | TE > SE, SY > SE | Cold (SE > TE, SE > SY) | Cold (TE > SE, SY > SE) |
*
p < 0.01.
†
p < 0.05.
‡
p < 0.001.
n.a., not available; RDA, relative discrimination ability; SE, So-Eum; SY, So-Yang; TE, Tae-Eum; TY, Tae-Yang.