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. 2016 Mar 8;9(2):311–322. doi: 10.1093/gbe/evw051

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© The Author 2016. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com

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Fig. 3.— — Distribution of MAPK cascades and their components in the fungal kingdom. (A) Pie diagram showing the number of fungal species with a complete (green), incomplete (brown), and null (gray) complement of MAPK cascade components. The percentage shows the proportion of the total of 231 fungal species. Complete complement: Presence of all four MAPK, three MAPKK, and three MAPKKK subfamilies; incomplete complement: Lack of at least one of the four MAPK, three MAPKK, and three MAPKKK subfamilies; null complement: No MAPK cascade components. (B) Bar diagram showing the presence of the MAPK cascade components in the 231 fungal species. The number of fungal species with only one member within each of the MAPK, MAPKK, and MAPKKK subfamilies is shown in blue, multiple in red, and none in gray. The upper left pie shows the number of fungal species with a complete set (green), incomplete set (brown), and none (gray) of the four MAPK subfamilies, and the upper middle and right pie shows the presence of three MAPKK and three MAPKKK subfamilies, respectively. (C) Bar diagram showing the number of fungal species with complete (blue), incomplete (brown), and no (gray) Fus3/Kss1-MAPK, Hog1-MAPK, and Slt2/Smk1-MAPK cascades. Pie diagram showing the percentage of the 231 fungal species with all 3 complete cascades (green), and that lack at least one cascade (brown), and without cascade (gray). (D) The distribution of the ten subfamilies of MAPK cascades (middle) and three MAPK cascades (right) in the nine fungal phyla. The left tree was the modified fungal life tree described in the Result section. For the distribution of MAPK cascade components (middle), the portions of the colored pie diagram show the percentage of the total number of species (purple) in a taxon with multiple members (orange), one member (blue), and no members (gray) within a subfamily. For the three MAPK cascades (right), the portions of the colored pie diagram show the percentage of the total number of species in a taxon with a complete MAPK cascade (blue), incomplete MAPK cascade (brown), and no MAPK cascade (gray).