Table 1. Baseline characteristics of patients with chronic kidney disease stratified by eGFR decline rate during a 10-year follow-up period.
| Variables | Total | Non-progression eGFR-ADR<1 ml/min/1.73m2 | Progression GFR-ADR≥1 ml/min/1.73m2 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 4600 | 1730 | 2870 | |
| Demographics and Cormobidities | ||||
| Age (year) | 70.1(0.20) | 71.3 (0.33) | 69.4 (0.26) | <0.001 |
| Male (%) | 2640 (57.4%) | 1068 (61.7%) | 1572 (54.8%) | <0.001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 25.5 (0.6) | 24.6 (1.0) | 26.0 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| Smoking (%) | 447 (9.7%) | 166 (9.6%) | 281 (9.8%) | 0.8 |
| End stage renal disease(%) | 1328 (28.9%) | 171 (9.9%) | 1157 (40.3%) | <0.001 |
| Hypertension (%) | 3682 (80.0%) | 1351 (78.1%) | 2331 (81.2%) | 0.01 |
| Cardiovascular disease(%) | 506 (11.0%) | 204 (11.8%) | 302 (10.5%) | 0.2 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 397 (8.6%) | 142 (8.2%) | 255 (8.9%) | 0.4 |
| Diabetes (%) | 1971 (42.9%) | 627 (36.2%) | 1344 (46.8%) | <0.001 |
| Diabetic nephropathy (%) | 1765 (38.4%) | 535 (30.9%) | 1230 (42.9%) | <0.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 135.2 (0.28) | 131.8 (0.44) | 137.3 (0.35) | <0.001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 77.2 (0.18) | 76.6 (0.29) | 77.6 (0.22) | 0.004 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 96.6 (0.17) | 95.0 (0.29) | 97.5 (0.23) | <0.001 |
| Biochemical profile | ||||
| BUN (mg/dL) | 45.5 (0.57) | 43.6 (0.95) | 46.6 (0.71) | 0.013 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 3.17 (0.04) | 2.97 (0.06) | 3.29(0.04) | <0.001 |
| Proteinuria (%) | 2651 (57.6%) | 829 (47.9%) | 1822 (63.5%) | <0.001 |
| Baseline eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2) | 29.3 (0.31) | 32.4 (0.49) | 27.4 (0.38) | <0.001 |
| Median eGFR-ADR (ml/min/1.73m2/year) | 2.11 | -1.98 | 4.42 | <0.001 |
| Baseline CKD stage | ||||
| Stage 1–2 (%) | 310 (6.74%) | 120 (6.94%) | 190 (6.62%) | <0.001 |
| Stage 3(%) | 1586 (34.48%) | 765 (44.22%) | 821 (28.61%) | |
| Stage 4(%) | 1341 (29.15%) | 468 (27.05%) | 873 (30.42%) | |
| Stage 5(%) | 1363(29.63%) | 377 (21.79%) | 986 (34.36%) | |
| Latest CKD stage | ||||
| Stage 1–2 (%) | 397 (8.63%) | 291 (16.82%) | 106 (3.69%) | <0.001 |
| Stage 3(%) | 1224 (26.61%) | 798 (46.13%) | 426 (14.84%) | |
| Stage 4(%) | 852 (18.52%) | 332 (19.19%) | 520 (18.12%) | |
| Stage 5(%) | 2127 (46.24%) | 309 (17.86%) | 1818 (63.34%) |
Abbreviations: eGFR-ADR: estimated glomerular filtration rate- annual decline rate