Table 4.
Estimated percent difference in individual metabolite concentration (nM) from the 5-LOX and 12/15-LOX pathways in association with in utero PM2.5 exposure.
| Pathway/metabolite | Loading on first PC | Trimester 2 PM2.5 | Entire pregnancy PM2.5 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % difference (95% CI)a,b,c | p-Value | % difference (95% CI)a,b | p-Value | ||
| 5-LOX | |||||
| 5-HETE | 0.62 | 11.7 (1.4, 23.1) | 0.03 | 22.5 (–0.4, 50.7) | 0.05 |
| 5-oxoETE | 0.61 | 20.3 (1.7, 42.4) | 0.03 | 66.0 (16.2, 137.3) | 0.006 |
| 9(S)-HODE | 0.76 | 11.9 (–0.3, 25.6) | 0.06 | 17.2 (–8.4, 50.0) | 0.20 |
| LTB4 | 0.05 | –1.8 (–13.2, 11.0) | 0.77 | 3.0 (–20.9, 34.2) | 0.82 |
| 9,10,13-TriHOME | 0.76 | 8.5 (–3.2, 21.5) | 0.16 | 24.6 (–2.2, 58.9) | 0.08 |
| 9,12,13-TriHOME | 0.81 | 9.5 (–1.7, 21.9) | 0.10 | 25.6 (–0.2, 58.0) | 0.05 |
| 12/15-LOX | |||||
| 8-HETE | 0.83 | 15.3 (2.4, 29.8) | 0.02 | NA | NA |
| 9-HETE | 0.31 | 16.1 (–8.8, 47.7) | 0.22 | NA | NA |
| 11-HETE | 0.93 | 14.0 (2.3, 27.1) | 0.02 | NA | NA |
| 12-HETE | 0.83 | 28.7 (4.7, 58.2) | 0.02 | NA | NA |
| 12(S)-HEPE | 0.63 | 27.9 (4.7, 56.2) | 0.02 | NA | NA |
| 12-oxoETE | 0.55 | 49.7 (3.2, 117.1) | 0.03 | NA | NA |
| 15-HETE | 0.90 | 16.3 (4.5, 29.4) | 0.006 | NA | NA |
| 15(S)-HETrE | 0.88 | 15.7 (0.8, 32.7) | 0.04 | NA | NA |
| 15-oxoETE | 0.64 | 10.3 (–3.9, 26.7) | 0.16 | NA | NA |
| 13-HODE | 0.81 | 11.4 (–0.2, 24.3) | 0.05 | NA | NA |
| 13-oxoODE | 0.59 | 8.0 (–5.8, 23.8) | 0.27 | NA | NA |
| first PC, first principal component. aEffect size was estimated for an increase of 5 μg/m3 of PM2.5. bModels adjusted for gestational age, pregestational BMI, maternal age, maternal smoking status, maternal education, newborn gender, cord blood total cholesterol and HDL levels, batch and sample storage time. cAdditional adjustment for the other PM2.5 exposure windows (trimesters). NA as the 12/15-LOX pathway is not significant for this exposure window. | |||||