Table 6. Clinical characteristics of the CA-APN patients with structural abnormalities.
| Clinical Characteristics | With Structural abnormalities N = 81 n (%) |
Without Structural abnormalities N = 602 n (%) |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age≥70 years | 28 (34.6) | 171 (28.4) | 0.252 |
| Underlying conditions | |||
| Charlson co-morbidity index ≥1 | 33 (40.7) | 248 (41.2) | 0.938 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 17 (21.0) | 174 (28.9) | 0.136 |
| Cerebrovascular disorder | 10 (12.3) | 54 (9.0) | 0.328 |
| Congestive heart failure | 2 (2.5) | 36 (6.0) | 0.299 |
| Dementia | 6 (7.4) | 18 (3.0) | 0.054 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 1 (1.2) | 16 (2.7) | 0.708 |
| Chronic liver disease | 2 (2.5) | 19 (3.2) | 1.000 |
| Chronic bed ridden state | 3 (3.7) | 23 (3.8) | 1.000 |
| Past history | |||
| History of urinary tract infection within 1 year | 23/68 (33.8) | 147/526 (27.9) | 0.313 |
| History of admission within 1 year | 24/73 (32.9) | 131/548 (23.9) | 0.096 |
| History antibiotics use within 1 year | 24/59 (40.7) | 163/494 (33.0) | 0.238 |
| Clinical findings | |||
| Pitt score ≥1a | 42 (51.9) | 191 (31.7) | <0.001 |
| Costovertebral angle tenderness | 58 (71.6) | 393 (65.3) | 0.259 |
| Flank pain | 33 (40.7) | 179 (29.7) | 0.044 |
| Lower urinary tract infection symptoms | 49 (60.5) | 389 (64.6) | 0.468 |
| Laboratory findings | |||
| Hematuria (urine RBC > 5~9/HPF) | 51 (63.0) | 314 (52.2) | 0.067 |
| Azotemiab | 25 (30.9) | 88 (14.6) | <0.001 |
| WBC >20,000/mm3 | 11 (13.6) | 61 (10.1) | 0.343 |
| CRP >20 mg/dl | 23 (28.4) | 173 (28.7) | 0.949 |
| Clinical outcomes | |||
| Duration of hospitalization (days, mean ± SD) | 11.5 ± 6.7 | 8.8 ± 5.8 | <0.001 |
| Defervescence time (days, mean ±SD) | 3.5 ± 3.2 | 2.5 ± 2.3 | 0.001 |
| Hospital mortality | 3 (4.2) | 8 (1.4) | 0.119 |
| Final clinical failure | 6 (8.5) | 25 (4.5) | 0.150 |
aSee method for calculation of Pitt score
bAzotemia was defined as serum BUN ≥ 20 mg/dL and/or serum creatinine ≥ 2.0 mg/dL.
CA-APN, community-acquired acute pyelonephritis; RBC, red blood cell; HPF, high-power field; WBC, white blood cell; CRP, C-reactive protein; SD, standard deviation; BUN, blood urea nitrogen.