Table 2.
No involvement (N = 17,971) | Some involvement (N = 13,688) | Total (N = 31,659) | |
---|---|---|---|
Female*** (%) | 38.7 | 32.1 | 35.8 |
Age at first treatment admission***(%) | |||
<18 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.6 |
18–30 | 37.1 | 47.8 | 41.7 |
30–40 | 20.9 | 23.4 | 22.0 |
40–50 | 20.5 | 18.5 | 19.7 |
50+ | 20.9 | 9.6 | 16.0 |
Race/ethnicity*** (%) | |||
White | 16.9 | 19.5 | 18.0 |
Hispanic | 68.2 | 66.2 | 67.3 |
Black | 7.6 | 8.0 | 7.8 |
Other | 7.3 | 6.2 | 6.9 |
Less than High school education*** (%) | 74.1 | 79.2 | 76.3 |
Employed, part-time or full-time*** (%) | 31.6 | 29.0 | 30.5 |
Homeless*** (%) | 5.6 | 8.4 | 6.8 |
Self-referred to treatment*** (%) | 91.8 | 77.9 | 85.8 |
Primary prescription opioids use (%) | 41.5 | 31.3 | 37.1 |
Daily use of primary drug *** (%) | 70.2 | 72.9 | 71.4 |
Age first used primary drug*** (%) | |||
<16 | 13.6 | 18.0 | 15.5 |
16–30 | 65.9 | 68.1 | 66.9 |
30+ | 20.4 | 13.9 | 17.6 |
Secondary drug problem type*** (%) | |||
None reported | 59.7 | 52.8 | 56.7 |
Stimulants‡ | 1.9 | 2.1 | 2.0 |
Alcohol | 4.3 | 5.2 | 4.7 |
Marijuana | 12.7 | 18.3 | 15.1 |
Heroin | 6.2 | 7.1 | 6.6 |
Other opiates§ | 15.2 | 14.5 | 14.9 |
Daily use of secondary drug *** (%) | 13.8 | 15.8 | 14.6 |
Arrests prior to treatment initiation (Median [IQR]) | 0 [0, 2] | 16 [6, 36] | 3 [0, 17] |
Felonies prior to treatment initiation (Median [IQR]) | 0 [0, 0] | 6 [2, 14] | 1 [0, 7] |
Any court appearance prior to treatment initiation (%) | 8.3 | 32.3 | 18.7 |
Any incarceration prior to treatment initiation (%) | 6.1 | 25.9 | 14.7 |
p <0.05;
p <0.01;
p <0.001;
IQR: Interquartile range.
Criminal justice involvement is defined as having any criminal justice records over the study period.
includes methamphetamine, crack cocaine, and powder cocaine.
Includes oxycodone/OxyContin, other opiates or synthetics, and non-prescribed methadone; and also includes prescription opioid users reporting use of more than one category of other opiates.