Table 2.

Reported interacting partners of PrP^C.

Protein/protein complex	Subcellular localisation and function	Method	References
14-3-3 protein	Cytoplasmic adaptor protein involved in multiple signalling pathways	Interactomics; co-IP	Satoh et al., 2005; Zafar et al., 2011
37/67 kDa laminin receptor	Cell surface receptor for laminin (see below)	Binding assay; yeast two-hybrid; co-IP	Gauczynski et al., 2001; Hundt et al., 2001
60 kDa heat shock protein	Mitochondrial chaperone	Interactomics; co-IP	Satoh et al., 2005; Zafar et al., 2011
Annexin A2	Calcium-regulated cell membrane protein with a poorly defined function	Interactomics; co-IP	Morel et al., 2008; Zafar et al., 2011
Desmoplakin	Organisation of cell junctions	Interactomics; co-IP	Morel et al., 2008; Besnier et al., 2015
Dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-like protein 6	Cell membrane protein that binds to and modulates activity of potassium channels	Interactomics; co-IP	Schmitt-Ulms et al., 2004; Mercer et al., 2013
Doppel	Cell membrane protein of unknown function	Co-IP	Qin et al., 2006; Caputo et al., 2010
Junction plakoglobin (a.k.a. γ-catenin)	Organisation of cell junctions	Interactomics; yeast two-hybrid	Besnier et al., 2015; Lappas Gimenez et al., 2015
Laminin	Extracellular matrix protein with multiple functions (cell migration, adhesion, differentiation…)	Binding assay	Graner et al., 2000a; Coitinho et al., 2006
Lactate dehydrogenase	Cytoplasmic enzyme that converts lactate to pyruvate and vice versa	Interactomics; co-IP	Zafar et al., 2011; Ramljak et al., 2015
Metabotropic glutamate receptor	Cell surface receptor for the neurotransmitter glutamate	Co-IP; binding assay	Beraldo et al., 2011; Haas et al., 2014
Neural cell adhesion molecule 1	Cell membrane protein with multiple functions (adhesion, neurite outgrowth…)	Co-IP; binding assay	Schmitt-Ulms et al., 2001; Santuccione et al., 2005
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor	Cell surface receptor for the neurotransmitter acetylcholine	Co-IP; binding assay	Petrakis et al., 2008; Beraldo et al., 2010
Stress-induced phosphoprotein 1	Cytoplasmic co-chaperone; may also be secreted to function as a PrPC ligand	Binding assay; co-IP	Zanata et al., 2002; Lopes et al., 2005
Tubulin	Cytoskeletal protein (microtubules)	Interactomics; co-IP	Nieznanski et al., 2005; Zafar et al., 2011
Vimentin	Cytoskeletal protein (intermediate filaments)	Interactomics; yeast two-hybrid	Zafar et al., 2011; Lappas Gimenez et al., 2015

Some of the proteins that may interact with PrP^C. Numerous interacting partners have been suggested but we include only those proteins for which two separate references could be found that provided direct evidence of an interaction with PrP^C. This is not meant to indicate that interactions identified in a single reference are incorrect, especially in the case of recently identified interactions. It is also important to state that certain techniques, such as co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP), do not distinguish between indirect and direct interactions. Therefore, some of the proteins listed in this table may interact with PrP^C indirectly.