Table 2.

Demographic and clinical data in relation to neck circumference tertile in women.

Variable	Tertile 1 (n = 18)	Tertile 2 (n = 18)	Tertile 3 (n = 17)	P
Neck circumference (cm)	34.8 ± 0.3	37.1 ± 0.2***	40.6 ± 0.4***‡	<0.001
Age (yrs)	59 ± 1	57 ± 1	59 ± 1	0.61
Weight (kg)	77.8 ± 2.2	87.9 ± 2.1**	96.3 ± 2.9***†	<0.001
BMI (kg/m2)	30.5 ± 0.6	32.1 ± 0.6	35.1 ± 1.0***‡	<0.001
Waist circumference (cm)	93.4 ± 1.4	99.2 ± 1.4*	108.9 ± 2.5***‡	<0.001
Waist: Hip ratio	0.82 ± 0.01	0.85 ± 0.01	0.89 ± 0.01***‡	<0.001
Leptin (ng/ml)	21.6 (17.7, 24.6)	23.2 (15.4, 41.9)	25.0 (16.8, 31.0)	0.84
LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)	4.1 ± 0.2	3.5 ± 0.2	3.6 ± 0.2	0.13
HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L)	1.35 (1.30, 1.60)	1.30 (1.20, 1.40)	1.30 (1.20, 1.43)	0.30
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	1.6 (1.4, 1.8)	1.2 (1.1, 1.6)	1.4 (1.0, 2.0)	0.22
NEFA (mEq/L)	0.59 ± 0.05	0.61 ± 0.04	0.63 ± 0.05	0.88
Hs-CRP (mg/L)	2.4 (1.0, 4.3)	2.4 (1.2, 3.3)	3.0 (1.7, 4.8)	0.56
ALT (mU/L)	19 (17, 25)	19 (15, 26)	25 (21,34)	0.08
GGT (mU/L)	22 (20, 38)	19 (16, 27)	22 (16, 31)	0.40
Fasting glucose (mmol/L)	5.7 ± 0.1	5.7 ± 0.1	5.6 ± 0.1	0.95
Fasting insulin (mU/L)	17.0 ± 1.1	17.4 ± 1.7	17.4 ± 1.1	0.97
HOMA-IR	4.29 ± 0.28	4.43 ± 0.43	4.44 ± 0.33	0.95
2-h glucose (mmol/L)	9.6 ± 0.4	9.9 ± 0.7	9.7 ± 0.6	0.94
Insulin AUC0−120 (mU min L−1)	10,829 ± 1044	10,660 ± 827	11,668 ± 1008	0.75
Matsuda ISI	2.03 (1.81, 2.69)	2.11 (1.89, 2.56)	1.99 (1.49, 2.48)	0.88
Insulinogenic index (mU insulin mmol−1 glucose)	15.6 ± 2.0	16.5 ± 2.6	16.5 ± 1.8	0.95
Systolic BP (mmHg)	127 ± 4	125 ± 4	126 ± 4	0.98
Diastolic BP (mmHg)	72 ± 2	69 ± 2	69 ± 1	0.51
Heart rate (bpm)	64 ± 1	63 ± 2	61 ± 2	0.58
Cardiac BRS (msec/mmHg)	13.3 ± 1.7	16.1 ± 2.2	12.8 ± 1.3	0.35
PRA (ng/ml/h)	0.60 ± 0.09	0.61 ± 0.14	0.78 ± 0.13	0.53
MetS components (n)	3.0 (2.0, 3.0)	2.0 (2.0, 3.0)	3.0 (2.0, 4.0)	0.74

Values are mean ± SEM or median (IQ range).

^*P < 0.05,

^**P < 0.01 and

^***P < 0.001 vs. tertile 1;

^†P < 0.05,

^‡P < 0.01 vs. tertile 2.