Table 4.

Literature review on the pharmacological activity of the compounds from FAEW.

Compounds	Pharmacological activity
	In vitro	In vivo	Clinical trial
Paeoniflorin	Anti-inflammation and oxidative stress (Dong et al., 2015); neuroprotection (Mao et al., 2012); apoptosis (Yang et al., 2016a)	Parkinson's disease (Gu et al., 2016); depression (Huang et al., 2015); neuropathic pain (Zhou et al., 2016a); non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (Ma et al., 2016)	Rheumatoid arthritis (Chen et al., 2013); muscle cramps and abdominal pains (Sadakane et al., 2015); restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (Shang et al., 2011)
Albiflorin	Oxidative stress (Suh et al., 2013); neuroprotection (Kim et al., 2009)	Anti-depression (Song et al., 2015); Parkinson's disease (Ho et al., 2015); neuropathic pain (Zhou et al., 2016a; Zhang et al., 2016b)	Muscle cramps and abdominal pains (Sadakane et al., 2015)
Baicalin	Inflammation (Min et al., 2015); apoptosis (Li et al., 2015b); oxidative stress (Zheng et al., 2014)	Alcoholic liver injury (Wang et al., 2016b); depression/anxiety (Zhang et al., 2016a); renal damage (Zhang et al., 2016d); memory impairment (Wang et al., 2016c)	Ulcerative colitis (Yu et al., 2015)
Isoliquiritin	Anti-allergic activity (Kaur et al., 2009)	Depression (Wang et al., 2008); antifungal activity (Luo et al., 2016)	Depression (Su et al., 2014)
Liquiritin	Neuroprotection (Teng et al., 2014)	Cognitive deficits (Jia et al., 2016); Parkinson's disease (Huang et al., 2016); depression (Farahani et al., 2015); focal cerebral ischemia (Sun et al., 2010)	Melisma (Amer and Metwalli, 2000)
β-hydroxy-DHP	Apoptosis (Rafi et al., 2002)
Isoliquiritin apioside	Anti-genotoxic (Kaur et al., 2009)
Oroxyloside		Colitis (Wang et al., 2016d); inflammation-related diseases (Fong et al., 2015)