Table 2.
Summary of quantitative trait loci (QTL) results from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) resistance in Chinese wheat landraces.
| QTL | Locus | Marker | Mb | Env. | -log10P | R2 | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| QTL1# | 3A | AX-111578083 | 173.81 | 5 | 7.23 ∼ 13.95a | 11.5–25.1% | Tamyb10-A1 |
| QTL2# | 3D | A11134 ∼ A36269 | 110.99 ∼ 113.89 | 6 | 6.58 ∼ 12.74 | 4.4–19.3% | Tamyb10-D1 |
| QTL3# | 5D | AX-109028892 | 39.36 | 3 | 6.79 ∼ 7.00 | 11.5–12% | |
| GCR-QTL1$ | 1A | AX-110008090 | 0.35 | 2 | 9.14 ∼ 10.86 | 21.8–33.8% | Mohan et al., 2009 |
| GCR-QTL2$ | 1A | AX-94464571 | 233.53 | 2 | 8.75 ∼ 9.68 | 23.5–30.6% | Singh et al., 2010 |
| GCR-QTL3$ | 1B | AX-109866527 | 221.04 | 3 | 8.62 ∼ 10.1 | 23–23.6% | Jaiswal et al., 2012 |
| GCR-QTL4$ | 1B | AX-109555236 | 248.86 | 2 | 8.58 ∼ 12.96 | 19.6–25.7% | |
| GCR-QTL5$ | 1D | AX-111775865 | 20.07 | 2 | 8.53 ∼ 11.11 | 19.6–34.3% | |
| GCR-QTL6$ | 2A | AX-109973468 | 104.07 | 3 | 9.36 ∼ 13.08a | 21.2–31.2% | Mohan et al., 2009; Jaiswal et al., 2012 |
| GCR-QTL7$ | 2B | AX-94693825 ∼ AX-110478651 | 102.36 ∼ 118.23 | 2 | 8.72 ∼ 11.40 | 21.4–34.6% | Kumar et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2014 |
| GCR-QTL8$ | 2B | AX-110645544 | 160.78 | 2 | 10.62 ∼ 12.48 | 21.5–29.5% | Kumar et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2014 |
| GCR-QTL9$ | 2B | AX-109008046 | 209.62 | 2 | 9.27 ∼ 11.48 | 25.6–32.9% | Kumar et al., 2009; Zhang et al., 2014 |
| GCR-QTL10$ | 2B | AX-111478580 | 296.90 | 3 | 8.82 ∼ 10.93 | 21.9–29.7% | |
| GCR-QTL11$ | 2B | AX-110610210 ∼ AX-111741521 | 338.83 ∼ 340.34 | 3 | 8.42 ∼ 12.95 | 22.1–30.1% | |
| GCR-QTL12$ | 3A | AX-109376167 ∼ AX-111037462 | 151.44 ∼ 152.19 | 2 | 8.81 ∼ 11.67 | 19.3–35.7% | Rasul et al., 2009 |
| GCR-QTL13$ | 3A | AX-111578083 | 173.81 | 2 | 9.51 ∼ 12.81 | 22.4–37.1%b | Tamyb10-A1 |
| GCR-QTL14$ | 3B | AX-111495497 | 56.99 | 3 | 9.35 ∼ 11.6 | 23.1–31.3% | Jaiswal et al., 2012 |
| GCR-QTL15$ | 3B | AX-110619077 ∼ AX-111560777 | 121.63 ∼ 126.95 | 3 | 8.59 ∼ 13.27a | 20.7–35.2% | Mares et al., 2009; Chang et al., 2010; Zhang H.P. et al., 2010 |
| GCR-QTL16$ | 3B | AX-108930833 | 197.07 | 2 | 8.51 ∼ 10.11 | 28.1–29.1% | Mares et al., 2009; Chang et al., 2010; Zhang H.P. et al., 2010 |
| GCR-QTL17$ | 3B | AX-109353822 | 249.91 | 2 | 8.19 ∼ 13.42a | 19.3–37.3%b | Mares et al., 2009; Chang et al., 2010; Zhang H.P. et al., 2010 |
| GCR-QTL18$ | 3B | AX-111819945 | 286.02 | 2 | 8.46 ∼ 8.63 | 19.3–20.2% | Mares et al., 2009; Chang et al., 2010; Zhang H.P. et al., 2010 |
| GCR-QTL19$ | 3B | AX-110978491 | 299.58 | 3 | 8.59 ∼ 10.86 | 19.6–27.9% | Mares et al., 2009; Chang et al., 2010; Zhang H.P. et al., 2010 |
| GCR-QTL20$ | 3B | AX-111529538 | 421.31 | 2 | 6.58 ∼ 11.29 | 15–26.6% | Mares et al., 2009; Chang et al., 2010; Zhang H.P. et al., 2010 |
| GCR-QTL21$ | 3B | AX-109861314 ∼ AX-111106200 | 494.35 ∼ 505.33 | 3 | 8.37 ∼ 13.36a | 19–36.5%b | Jaiswal et al., 2012; Cabral et al., 2014 |
| GCR-QTL22$ | 3B | AX-111194600 | 767.96 | 2 | 8.15 ∼ 8.52 | 19.4–21.1% | Rehman Arif et al., 2012; Jaiswal et al., 2012 |
| GCR-QTL23$ | 4A | AX-109919526 | 0.58 | 2 | 8.3 ∼ 8.76 | 21.6–25.1% | |
| GCR-QTL24$ | 4A | AX-111634210 | 208.43 | 3 | 8.53 ∼ 12.86 | 19.5–36.4%b | Albrecht et al., 2015; Lin et al., 2015; Torada et al., 2016 |
| GCR-QTL25$ | 5A | AX-109844264 ∼ AX-111698406 | 100.05 ∼ 103.36 | 2 | 8.46 ∼ 10.60 | 21–28.5% | |
| GCR-QTL26$ | 5B | AX-89623229 | 19.77 | 3 | 8.43 ∼ 9.66 | 19.1–23.1% | |
| GCR-QTL27$ | 6A | AX-111007766 ∼ AX-111732156 | 23.31 ∼ 31.33 | 2 | 8.52 ∼ 13.06a | 19.4–34.9% | |
| GCR-QTL28$ | 6B | AX-109834362 | 79.00 | 3 | 8.32 ∼ 13.05a | 20.4–37.4%b | |
| GCR-QTL29$ | 6B | AX-108844376 | 92.71 | 2 | 9.3 ∼ 11.53 | 22.1–31.6% | |
| GCR-QTL30$ | 7A | AX-110909277 ∼ AX-111486355 | 136.77 ∼ 141.52 | 3 | 8.27 ∼ 12.8 | 18.7–36% | |
| GCR-QTL31$ | 7A | AX-110478067 | 170.37 | 3 | 10.15 ∼ 12.65 | 24.4–34% | |
| GCR-QTL32$ | 7B | AX-110932737 | 102.42 | 2 | 9.32 ∼ 12.66 | 22.3–35.3% | Cabral et al., 2014 |
#indicates a main QTL identified using all accessions; $indicates a grain color related QTL (GCR-QTL) identified in the red-grained group; aindicates the -log10P value is higher than 13; bindicates the QTL explained more than 36% of the phenotypic variance.