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. 2017 Apr 4;8:14919. doi: 10.1038/ncomms14919

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(a,b) Peripheral blood from sepsis-surviving patients and healthy controls (n=11 patients, n=14 healthy) was examined for (a) concentrations of IL-33 and IL-10 by ELISA and (b) frequency and number of CD4⁺Foxp3⁺ T cells by FACS. **P<0.01 and ***P<0.001 (two-tailed unpaired Student's t-test in a,b). Data are mean±s.e.m. in a,b. (c) IL-33, released during the widespread tissue injury, induces ILC2s expansion and M2 macrophages in sepsis survivors, promoting a wound healing process. However, IL-33-induced IL-10-secreting M2 macrophages increase the expansion of Treg cells, thereby contributing to the development of long-term sepsis-induced immunosuppression.