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. 2016 Aug 1;2:18. doi: 10.1186/s40813-016-0035-0

Table 4.

Estimates from a linear regression model of the associations between risk factors and antimicrobial (AM) use (expressed as log-transformed (natural base) treatment incidence (TI) per 1000 pig-days at risk) in different age groups of pigs on 60 Swedish farrow-to-finish herds

Suckling piglets Weaners Fatteners Adults
Risk factor Estimate Error p Estimate Error p Estimate Error P Estimate Error p
Intercept -2.385 3.695 -4.561 4.980 0.569 2.205 3.338 2.138
Number of sows 0.000 0.001 0.975 0.000 0.001 0.881 0.005 0.003 0.060 0.001 0.001 0.319
Number of sows2* 0.000 0.000 0.042
Gender - male (n = 41) -0.877 0.370 0.018 -0.447 0.370 0.226 -0.178 0.370 0.631 -0.003 0.370 0.995
- female (n = 18) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Education - non-unia (n = 39) -0.725 0.323 0.025 -0.464 0.324 0.152 -0.112 0.331 0.736 -0.159 0.322 0.622
- uni (n = 20) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Age 0.392 0.131 0.003 0.351 0.146 0.016 0.021 0.027 0.439 -0.040 0.026 0.122
Age2* -0.004 0.001 <0.001 -0.004 0.002 0.013
Years at work 0.027 0.027 0.310 -0.005 0.028 0.867 -0.016 0.027 0.562 0.014 0.027 0.600
Age at weaning bna 0.032 0.043 0.466
Need for AMc 0.092 0.126 0.4682 -0.047 0.126 0.712 0.044 0.126 0.726 0.028 0.126 0.823
Risks of AMc -0.196 0.143 0.1695 -0.210 0.145 0.148 0.052 0.143 0.719 -0.001 0.143 0.994
Benefits of AMc -0.119 0.155 0.442 0.233 0.155 0.132 0.286 0.156 0.068 0.233 0.154 0.130
Vet’s contributionc 0.121 0.135 0.372 -0.003 0.135 0.984 -0.134 0.152 0.378 0.141 0.135 0.297
Internal biosecurityd -0.022 0.019 0.237 0.004 0.019 0.823 -0.031 0.019 0.095 -0.024 0.018 0.192
External biosecurityd -0.002 0.021 0.913 -0.033 0.021 0.115 0.011 0.020 0.578 0.001 0.020 0.957

* The quadratic term auni university, vet veterinarian, b na not applicable; cStatements were assessed on a 6-point Likert scale, where higher scores indicated higher agreement, combined into four constructs and expressed as the mean score per construct; dScores for internal and external biosecurity range between 0 and 100, where 100 is “perfect biosecurity”