. 2017 Apr 5;17:99. doi: 10.1186/s12887-017-0850-8

Table 3.

Univariable and Multivariable analysis for associations with mortality

		Univariable analysis - pooled data		Model 2 - Mulitvariable model for associations with mortality for complete case analysis including interaction terms for malaria endemicity	Model 3 - Mulitvariable model for associations with mortality on imputed data including interaction terms for malaria endemicity
		OR (95% CI)	P value	OR (95% CI)	OR (95% CI)
AUC				0·86	0·85
Pseudo R-squared				0·25	0·24
Age group^a
	2 _6 months	ref
	7 _11 months	0·72(0·64–0·82)	<0·001
	12_59 months	0·40(0·36–0·45)
	2_6 months in high malaria prevalence			ref	ref
	7 _11 months in high malaria prevalence			0·46(0·36–0·60)	0·43(0·29–0·63)
	12_59 months in high malaria prevalence			0·41(0·33–0·50)	0·37(0·27–0·50)
	7 _11 months in Low malaria prevalence			0·34(0·15–0·75)	0·33(0·19–0·57)
	12_59 months in Low malaria prevalence			0·29(0·14–0·62)	0·29(0·17–0·49)
Child sex
	Female	ref		ref	ref
	Male	0·79(0·72–0·86)	<0·001	0·71(0·64–0·80)	0·67(0·57–0·79)
WAZ score^a
	0 or > = 1 SD	ref
	Minus 1 SD	1·35(1·17–1·56)	<0·001
	Minus 2 SD	2·26(1·95–2·61)
	Minus 3 SD	4·35(3·86–4·92)
	0 or > = 1 SD in high malaria prevalence			ref	ref
	Minus 1 SD in high malaria prevalence			1·50(1·15–1·95)	1·19(0·85–1·67)
	Minus 2 SD in high malaria prevalence			1·25(0·95–1·65)	1·50(1·03–2·17)
	Minus 3 SD in high malaria prevalence			2·96(2·27–3·86)	3·01(2·09–4·35)
	Minus 1 SD in Low malaria prevalence			0·93(0·45–1·93)	1·06(0·61–1·82)
	Minus 2 SD in Low malaria prevalence			1·17 (0·56–2·44)	0·88(0·52–1·51)
	Minus 3 SD in Low malaria prevalence			2·36(1·13–4·94)	2·09(1·22–3·56)
Number of comorbidities
	0	ref		ref	ref
	1	1·44(1·28–1·62)	<0·001	0·99(0·85–1·16)	1·08(0·86–1·37)
	2	2·21(1·94–2·50)		1·03(0·86–1·23)	1·27(0·98–1·64)
	> = 3	3·67(3·18–4·23)		1·25(1·02–1·55)	1·68(1·25–2·25)
History of fever
	No	ref		ref	ref
	Yes	0·96(0·84–1·10)	0·555	0·77(0·66–0·90)	0·76(0·62–0·92)
History of diarrhoea
	No	ref		ref	ref
	Yes	2·02(1·82–2·25)	<0·001	1·34(1·16–1·56)	1·45(1·20–1·76)
Convulsions
	No	ref		ref	ref
	Yes	1·13(1·00–1·28)	0·045	1·54(1·32–1·81)	1·35(1·09–1·67)
Vomitting everything
	No	ref		ref	ref
	Yes	1·41(1·25–1·58)	<0·001	1·04(0·91–1·20)	1·03(0·86–1·24)
Indrawing
	No	ref		ref	ref
	Yes	2·84(2·55–3·18)	<0·001	2·61(2·28–2·98)	2·48(2·08–2·96)
Pallor
	None	ref		ref	ref
	Some/severe	3·39(3·03–3·79)	<0·001	2·21(1·93–2·53)	2·32(1·92–2·81)
Central cyanosis
	No	ref		ref	ref
	Yes	6·36(4·54–8·90)	<0·001	2·64(1·70–4·12)	3·25(1·91–5·53)
AVPU
	Alert	ref		ref	ref
	Not alert (VPU)	8·95(7·88–10·17)	<0·001	3·98(3·31–4·77)	3·95(3·16–4·95)
Ability to drink^a
	No	ref
	Yes	0·23(0·20–0·26)	<0·001
	Ability to drink no in high malaria prevalence			ref	ref
	Ability to drink yes in high malaria prevalence			0·63(0·49–0·80)	0·65(0·48–0·87)
	Ability to drink yes in Low malaria prevalence			0·51(0·24–1·08)	0·44(0·25–0·78)
Stiff neck^a
	No/soft	ref
	Yes	2·71(2·13–3·44)	<0·001
	Stiff neck no in high malaria prevalence			ref	ref
	Stiff neck yes in high malaria prevalence			2·17(1·38–3·42)	3·92(2·15–7·16)
	Stiff neck yes in low malaria prevalence			3·07(1·28–7·36)	1·53(0·81–2·90)
Skin pinch
	Immediate	ref		ref	ref
	1–2 s	2·25(1·96–2·59)	<0·001	1·29(1·09–1·52)	1·17(0·94–1·44)
	> 2 s	6·18(5·28–7·24)		1·80(1·43–2·26)	1·47(1·09–1·98)
Capillary refill time
	<=2 scs	ref		ref	ref
	>3 s	3·28(2·80–3·84)	<0·001	1·46(1·15–1·86)	1·68(1·32–2·13)
	Indeterminate	0·70(0·51–0·97)		1·17(0·79–1·73)	1·83(1·12–2·99)
Sunken eyes
	No	ref		ref	ref
	Yes	2·76(2·44–3·12)	<0·001	1·12(0·96–1·31)	1·24(1·00–1·55)
Jaundice
	None	ref		ref	ref
	Moderate/severe	2·03(1·55–2·66)	<0·001	1·78(1·30–2·42)	1·64(1·01–2·65)
Severe wasting^a
	No	ref
	Yes	5·01(4·32–5·81)	<0·001
	Severe wasting no in high malaria prevalence			ref	ref
	Severe wasting yes in high malaria prevalence			2·35(1·68–3·27)	2·54(1·70–3·82)
	Severe wasting yes in low malaria prevalence			1·99(0·97–4·09)	1·66(0·95–2·87)
Oedema of malnutrition^a
	None	ref
	Moderate/severe	3·02(2·39–3·80)	<0·001
	Oedema none in high malaria prevalence			ref	ref
	Oedema mild/moderate in high malaria prevalence			2·66(1·82–3·89)	3·13(1·95–5·02)
	Oedema mild/moderate in Low malaria prevalence			2·45(1·17–5·13)	1·88(1·08–3·25)
Malaria endemicity
	High	ref	<0·001	ref	ref
	Low	0·90(0·83–0·99)		0·71(0·46–1·08)	0·78(0·43–1·42)
Hospital
	A	ref		ref	ref
	B	1·23(1·01–1·61)	<0·001	1·26(0·91–1·73)	1·69(1·04–2·74)
	C	1·83(1·53–2·20)		1·74(1·30–2·32)	1·90(1·26–2·85)
	D	2·46(2·04–2·96)		1·53(1·16–2·01)	1·99(1·33–2·98)
	E	0·53(0·39–0·72)		0·60(0·40–0·90)	0·53(0·28–1·00)
	F	1·00(0·79–1·26)		0·91(0·66–1·26)	0·88(0·56–1·39)
	G	0·48(0·34–0·67)		0·75(0·49–1·15)	0·81(0·43–1·50)
	H	1·41(1·14–1·76)		0·83(0·62–1·11)	0·90(0·52–1·57)
	I	1·43(1·20–1·72)		1·23(0·98–1·55)	1·15(0·82–1·60)
	J	1·08(0·86–1·37)		0·68(0·50–0·92)	1·05(0·68–1·63)
	K	1·52(1·25–1·84)		0·82(0·64–1·07)	0·95(0·68–1·32)
	L	1·40(1·15–1·70)		na	na

Model 2 results are based on complete case analysis while model 3 results are based on the imputed dataset; both models include interaction terms for malaria prevalence.

^aVariables with significant interactions with malaria endemicity