Table 3. Performance of biofilters for the removal of benzene as a sole-substrate, as reported in selected previous biofiltration studies, and compared to this study.

Bioreactor/filter media	Inlet concentration (g m−3)	Loading rate (g m−3 h−1)	Removal efficiency (%)	Elimination Capacity (g m−3 h−1)	Reference
Biofilter/sugarcane bagasse–glass bead mixture	0.01–0.05	6.12	43	3.8	46
Biofilter/sugarcane bagasse	0.4	12	53	6.4	47
Biofilter/peat	0.4	31	84	26	47
Biofilter/granular activated carbon mixture	0.7	21	96	20.1	48
Trickling biofilter/fibrous bed	0.37–1.7	2.6–25.6	>90	11.5	49
Trickling biofilter/coal particles	0.47	64	90	57.6	50
Biofilter/CCAC with HD-5	2	169.84	>90	151.67	This study