Table 2. VSBV-1 RNA levels in samples from squirrels collected in Germany and the Netherlands in 2015 that were positive for viral RNA and VSBV-1 antibodies*.
Animal and sample type | Country and holding no. |
|||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Germany |
The Netherlands |
|||||||||||||
I | I | I | II | II | III | IV | IV | IV | V | V | ||||
Species | Sciurus variegatoides | Callosciurus prevostii | ||||||||||||
Identity | 48/15-1 | 48/15-2 | 48/15-11 | 49/15-1 | 49/15-6 | 75/15 | 122/15-1 | 122/15-2 | 133/15 | 3/16-1 | 3/16-2 | |||
Animal sex |
M |
F |
M |
M |
F |
M |
F |
M |
M |
|
F |
M |
||
EDTA blood/transudate | ± | ± | ± | + | ± | + | NA | NA | NA | ± | ± | |||
Oral swab sample | + | ± | ++ | + | + | + | + | + | + | NA | NA | |||
Nose swab sample | ± | ± | + | + | ± | + | + | ± | ± | NA | NA | |||
Eye swab sample | + | ± | + | + | ± | + | NA | ± | ± | NA | NA | |||
Palatine tonsil | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | +++ | ++ | |||
Mesenteric lymph nodes | ++ | ++ | +++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | |||
Brain | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | ++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | |||
Brachial plexus | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | |||
Medulla oblongata | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | +++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | +++ | +++ | |||
Trigeminal ganglion | + | + | +++ | +++ | ++ | ++ | NA | ++ | ++ | ++ | +++ | |||
Kidney | ++ | + | ++ | +++ | +++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | +++ | |||
Salivary gland | ++ | + | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ± | +++ | |||
Urinary bladder | ++ | ++ | +++ | +++ | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | |||
Lung | ++ | ++ | +++ | +++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | ± | ++ | |||
Heart | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | + | ++ | + | ++ | |||
Spleen | + | ± | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ± | +++ | |||
Liver | ± | ± | + | + | ++ | + | + | + | + | ± | + | |||
Pancreas | ++ | +++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | |||
Sex organ | + | +++ | + | +++ | + | +++ | +++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | +++ | |||
Skeletal muscles | + | ± | + | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | |||
Skin | ++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | ++ | + | ++ | |||
Nose cross-section | ++ | ++ | +++ | +++ | ++ | +++ | + | ++ | ++ | ++ | +++ |
*Data are represented in VSBV-1 genome equivalent copies per milliliter of template: +++, >106; ++, 104–106; +, 102–104; ± 100–102). The VSBV-1–specific Mix 10 quantitative real- time PCR assay was used for quantification (limit of detection 1 genome equivalent/µL template). NA, sample not available; VSBV-1, variegated squirrel bornavirus 1.