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. 2017 Apr 6;7:46165. doi: 10.1038/srep46165

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Copyright © 2017, The Author(s)

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Raw 264.7 cells (A and B) and mouse peritoneal macrophages (C–F) were pretreated for 20 min with increasing concentrations of rolipram (A and C) or roflumilast (E) or with 10 μM rolipram (B and D) or 1 μM roflumilast (F) before LPS (10 ng/ml) stimulation for 8 h (A,C and E) or 3 h (B,D and F). IL-1Ra accumulation in the medium was measured by ELISA (A,C and E). The secretory form IL-1Ra (sIL-1Ra) mRNA levels in the cells were determined by real-time PCR and expressed as fold increase to the untreated cells (B,D and F). Data are the mean ± SEM (n = 4–6 in A and B; n = 6–9 in C and D; n = 4–8 in E and F). *P < 0.001, compared with LPS control.