Table 5. Average total weight values, average muscle weight and average calorie values for muscle weight of faunal and human species based on available data.
| Hominin/Fauna | Average Total Weight (kg) | Average Muscle Weight (kg)* | Calorie/kg (muscle) | Calorie Value (muscle) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hominin (H. sapiens) | 65.99 | 24.9 | 1300 | 32376 |
| Mammoth (Mammuthus) | 3000 | 1800 | 2000 | 3600000 |
| Woolly Rhinoceros (Coelodonta/Stephanorhinus/Rhinoceros) | 1200 | 720 | 1750 | 1260000 |
| Aurochs (Bos) | 800 | 480 | 2040 | 979200 |
| Steppe Bison (Bison) | 500 | 300 | 2040 | 612000 |
| Cattle sp. (Bos) | 300 | 180 | 2040 | 367200 |
| Bear (Ursus) | 250 | 150 | 4000 | 600000 |
| Horse sp. (Equus) | 290 | 174 | 1150 | 200100 |
| Giant deer (Megaloceros/Eucladoceros) | 220 | 132 | 1240 | 163680 |
| Red deer (Cervus) | 220 | 132 | 1240 | 163680 |
| Musk-ox (Ovibos) | 180 | 108 | 1300 | 140400 |
| Deer sp. (Cervus/Dama) | 160 | 96 | 1240 | 119040 |
| Boar (Sus) | 135 | 81 | 4000 | 324000 |
| Reindeer (Rangifer) | 100 | 60 | 1000 | 60000 |
| Ibex (Capra) | 70 | 42 | 1090 | 45780 |
| Rupicapra (Rupicapra) | 60 | 36 | 1045 | 37620 |
| Saiga (Saiga) | 45 | 31.5 | 1000 | 31500 |
| Roe deer (Capreolus) | 22 | 13.2 | 1000 | 13200 |
| Beaver (Castor) | 20 | 12 | 4000 | 48000 |
| Hare sp. (Lepus) | 6 | 3.6 | 1070 | 3852 |
| Steppe marmot (Marmota) | 1 | 0.6 | 3000 | 1800 |
| Fish | 1.25 | 1 | 1300 | 1300 |
| Birds | 1.25 | 1 | 2500 | 2500 |
Faunal muscle and calorie values from52: 294, Table 5. 17 and references therein53: 174, Table 8, human muscle values from this study. All calorie values have been rounded to the nearest whole number. Giant deer (Megaloceros/Eucladoceros) estimated as red deer, and Deer sp. estimated as median between red deer and reindeer as per52. Ibex calorie per kg estimated the same as goat86; Rupicapra estimated as median between Ibex and Saiga; Roe deer calorie per kg estimated the same as Saiga. *Estimated as 60% of average total weight for mammals and 80% of average total weight for fish and birds after52,87. Carnivora species were excluded due to insufficient data on potential calorie sources per kg weight.