Table 3. Unadjusted and adjusted† relative risks (RR) associations between sociodemographic characteristics and hematopoietic cell transplantation versus chemotherapy alone in California, 2003–2012.
| Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia | Acute Myeloid Leukemia | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unadjusted | Adjusted† | Unadjusted | Adjusted† | |||||||
| Population Characteristic | RR | 95% CI± | RR | 95% CI± | Trend p-value | RR | 95% CI± | RR | 95% CI± | Trend p-value |
| Age | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| 15–39 | 0.69 | 0.58–0.82 | 0.99 | 0.81–1.20 | 1.18 | 1.06–1.33 | 1.37 | 1.21–1.54 | ||
| 40–59 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 60 + | 0.22 | 0.15–0.33 | 0.20 | 0.14–0.29 | 0.24 | 0.21–0.27 | 0.23 | 0.20–0.26 | ||
| Sex | NA | NA | ||||||||
| Male | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Female | 1.05 | 0.88–1.24 | 1.06 | 0.89–1.25 | 1.26 | 1.13–1.40 | 1.15 | 1.04–1.28 | ||
| Race/Ethnicity | NA | NA | ||||||||
| Asian/Other¥ | 1.16 | 0.90–1.51 | 1.08 | 0.84–1.39 | 1.20 | 1.04–1.40 | 0.97 | 0.84–1.11 | ||
| Hispanic | 0.75 | 0.63–0.91 | 0.80 | 0.65–0.98 | 1.07 | 0.93–1.22 | 0.86 | 0.75–0.99 | ||
| Non-Hispanic black | 0.32 | 0.15–0.71 | 0.40 | 0.18–0.89 | 0.60 | 0.43–0.83 | 0.60 | 0.44–0.83 | ||
| Non-Hispanic white | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||||
| Marital status | NA | NA | ||||||||
| Never married | 0.66 | 0.55–0.79 | 0.58 | 0.47–0.71 | 1.17 | 1.03–1.32 | 0.80 | 0.70–0.90 | ||
| Married | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| DSW* | 0.69 | 0.50–0.94 | 0.94 | 0.69–1.27 | 0.51 | 0.43–0.61 | 0.70 | 0.59–0.84 | ||
| Distance to nearest transplant center | 0.53 | 0.38 | ||||||||
| < 50 Miles | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 50–99 Miles | 0.94 | 0.73–1.22 | 0.91 | 0.71–1.17 | 1.01 | 0.87–1.17 | 1.11 | 0.96–1.28 | ||
| 100 + Miles | 0.86 | 0.65–1.14 | 0.95 | 0.71–1.25 | 0.82 | 0.69–0.99 | 0.87 | 0.73–1.04 | ||
| nSES | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||||||
| Lowest | 0.54 | 0.42–0.71 | 0.63 | 0.47–0.84 | 0.59 | 0.49-.72 | 0.52 | 0.43–0.64 | ||
| 2 | 0.66 | 0.5–0.86 | 0.71 | 0.54–0.94 | 0.67 | 0.57–0.80 | 0.60 | 0.51–0.71 | ||
| 3 | 0.66 | 0.5–0.87 | 0.69 | 0.53–0.91 | 0.80 | 0.68–0.93 | 0.73 | 0.63–0.85 | ||
| 4 | 0.92 | 0.72–1.18 | 0.98 | 0.77–1.25 | 0.92 | 0.80–1.06 | 0.85 | 0.75–0.97 | ||
| Highest | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Year of diagnosis | <0.001 | 0.02 | ||||||||
| 2003–2004 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| 2005–2006 | 1.21 | 0.89–1.65 | 1.30 | 0.96–1.76 | 1.09 | 0.9–1.31 | 1.11 | 0.93–1.33 | ||
| 2007–2008 | 1.32 | 0.98–1.78 | 1.47 | 1.10–1.97 | 1.03 | 0.86–1.24 | 1.05 | 0.89–1.25 | ||
| 2009–2010 | 1.08 | 0.79–1.48 | 1.22 | 0.90–1.66 | 1.01 | 0.84–1.21 | 1.17 | 0.98–1.38 | ||
| 2011–2012 | 1.57 | 1.19–2.07 | 1.76 | 1.34–2.30 | 1.04 | 0.87–1.24 | 1.22 | 1.03–1.43 | ||
| Cytogenetics | NA | NA | ||||||||
| Unfavorable | - | - | - | - | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Favorable | - | - | - | - | 1.16 | 0.91–1.47 | 0.82 | 0.64–1.04 | ||
†Adjusted for each of the other covariates listed in Table 3.
± 95% CI represents lower and upper 95 percent confidence interval limits for relative risks.
NA, not applicable because trend test requires three or more ordinal exposure levels.
¥Asian/Others includes patients of Asian descent including Filipino, other includes American Indian, Native Alaskan, Mixed or unknown race/ethnicity.
*Divorced, separated, or widowed.