Table 3. Changes in antimicrobial susceptibility to eight antimicrobials before and after the PCV13 introduction.
| Antimicrobial | pre-PCV13 (2008–2009) | PCV13 (2012–2013) | p* | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S# | I | R | S | I | R | ||
| n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Penicillin | 734 (77.3) | 155 (16.3) | 61 (6.4) | 446 (73.2) | 107 (17.6) | 56 (9.2) | 0.043 |
| Cefotaxime | 852 (89.8) | 83 (8.7) | 14 (1.5) | 533 (87.5) | 54 (8.9) | 22 (3.6) | 0.006 |
| Erythromycin | 748 (78.8) | 0 (0) | 201 (21.2) | 463 (76.1) | 0 (0) | 146 (23.9) | 0.219 |
| Clindamycin | 770 (81.1) | 0 (0) | 179 (18.9) | 483 (79.3) | 0 (0) | 126 (20.7) | 0.399 |
| Tetracycline | 741 (78.1) | 74 (7.8) | 134 (14.1) | 463 (76.1) | 38 (6.2) | 108 (17.7) | 0.350 |
| Chloramphenicol | 880 (92.7) | … | 69 (7.3) | 571 (93.7) | … | 38 (6.3) | 0.415 |
| Co-trimoxazole | 675 (71.1) | 54 (5.7) | 220 (23.2) | 441 (72.4) | 21 (3.5) | 147 (24.1) | 0.607 |
| Levofloxacin | 926 (97.6) | … | 23 (2.4) | 601 (98.7) | … | 8 (1.3) | 0.147 |
* p-value comparing resistant isolates between periods. CLSI breakpoints were used.
# S: susceptible; I: intermediate; R: Resistant. Classical CLSI breakpoints for penicillin (oral: susceptible≤0.06mg/L; intermediate 0.12-1mg/L; and resistant ≥2mg/L) and cefotaxime (meningeal: susceptible≤0.5mg/L; intermediate 1mg/L; and resistant ≥2mg/L) were used.